Intelligence
The abbreviation used for intelligence quotient.
What is IQ?
Behaviour that conforms to what is typical or expected is generally described using this term.
What is normal behaviour?
This anxiety disorder involves an intense and persistent fear of a particular object or situation, such as spiders, heights or flying.
What are specific phobias?
The diagnostic manual published by the American Psychiatric Association and currently in its fifth text-revised edition.
What is the DSM-5-TR?
A state involving physiological arousal, thoughts or interpretations, and a subjective feeling is known as this.
What is an emotion?
These two concepts describe whether an intelligence test produces consistent results and whether it accurately measures intelligence as intended.
What are reliability and validity?
his approach considers behaviour abnormal when it is uncommon or occurs infrequently within a population.
What is the statistical approach to normality?
Obsessive compulsive disorder, generalised anxiety disorder, and phobias all fall within this category of psychological disorder.
What are anxiety disorders?
The diagnostic classification system produced by the World Health Organization and used internationally for both physical and mental health conditions.
What is the ICD-11?
This theory proposes that emotion results from physiological arousal combined with a cognitive label or interpretation of that arousal.
What is the two-factor theory of emotion?
The intelligence scale designed specifically for children and adolescents aged approximately 6–16 years.
What is the WISC-V?
This approach judges behaviour according to the expectations, values and accepted practices of a person's society or culture.
What is the sociocultural approach to normality?
Hallucinations, delusions and disorganised thinking are characteristic symptoms of disorders within this category.
What are psychotic disorders?
A psychologist and psychiatrist independently assess the same patient but arrive at different diagnoses. This raises concerns about this quality of psychological diagnosis.
What is reliability?
This theory of motivation proposes that people pursue achievement according to different goals, such as mastering and improving their abilities or demonstrating their competence compared with others.
What is Achievement Goal Theory?
This approach to intelligence focuses on measuring individual differences in cognitive abilities using standardised tests.
What is the psychometric approach?
These terms distinguish between behaviours that help a person cope effectively and function successfully and behaviours that interfere with functioning or make it more difficult to cope with life's demands.
What are adaptive and maladaptive behaviours?
A person experiences a persistent low mood, loss of interest or pleasure, changes in sleep or appetite, and difficulty concentrating. Their symptoms significantly interfere with everyday functioning.
What is Major Depressive Disorder?
A person repeatedly lies, manipulates others and disregards the rights and safety of other people, showing little remorse for the harm their behaviour causes. Their behaviour represents a long-term pattern rather than a temporary change.
What is antisocial personality disorder?
This biological model of emotion proposes that emotional stimuli can travel along a fast “low road” directly from the thalamus to the amygdala, or a slower “high road” through the cortex before reaching the amygdala.
What is LeDoux’s biological model of emotion?
An IQ test gives a student almost identical scores when completed on two different occasions, but researchers discover it does not accurately measure the construct of intelligence. The test has this combination of psychometric qualities.
What is high reliability but low validity?
A teenager dyes their hair bright blue. Most students at their school have natural-coloured hair, making the behaviour statistically uncommon; however, their friendship group considers brightly coloured hair completely acceptable. These two approaches to normality could reach different conclusions about whether the behaviour is normal.
What are the statistical and sociocultural approaches to normality?
A person is convinced that strangers are secretly monitoring and plotting against them, despite clear evidence that this is not occurring. This type of false, firmly held belief is known as this.
What is a delusion?
A patient reports improvement after receiving an inactive pill because they believe they are receiving an effective treatment.
What is the placebo effect?
This theory proposes that experiencing positive emotions broadens a person’s range of thoughts and actions, which over time helps them develop lasting physical, intellectual, social and psychological resources.
What is the Broaden-and-Build Theory of positive emotions?