Heredity Vocabulary
Punnett Squares
Chromosomes & Proteins
Is the Mutation Helpful, Harmful, or Neutral?
Is it Genetic or Environmental?
125
The physical traits of an organism.
What is a phenotype?
125
Percentage of offspring that show the dominant phenotype?
What is 75%?
125
X-shaped structure that contains genes.
What are chromosomes?
125
A mutation causes a protein to stop working, leading to a disease.
What is harmful?
125
A person is naturally tall because of genes inherited from their parents.
What is genetic?
250
The alleles from each parent, represented by 2 letters.
What is a genotype?
250
Percentage of offspring that are heterozygous?
What is 50%?
250
True or false - Genes are found inside of chromosomes.
What is true?
250
A mutation changes a protein but does not change how the organism looks, functions, or survives.
What is neutral?
250
A person's genes influence their skin color, but exposure to sunlight causes their skin to become darker. Identify the genetic and environmental factors.
Skin color genes are genetic. Sunlight is environmental.
375
When the alleles in the genotype are the same.
What is homozygous?
375
If T = tall and t = short, these are the possible offspring genotypes and phenotypes.
What are genotypes TT, Tt, tt, and phenotypes tall (75%) and short (25%)?
375
These control the expression of traits.
What are proteins?
375
A mutation helps a plant survive during a drought because it can use less water.
What is helpful?
375
Two plants have the same genes for height. One grows taller because it receives more sunlight.
What is environmental?
500
A pea plant has the genotype Bb. This h-word would describe this genotype.
What is heterozygous?
500
Two heterozygous parents have a child. This is the probability that the child will have the recessive trait.
What is 25%?
500
Genes contain the instructions for making these.
What are proteins?
500
A mutation causes a person to have a change in eye color.
What is neutral?
500
Two students have genes that allow them to build muscle. One develops larger muscles because they exercise regularly.
What is both genetic and environmental?