DNA Structure
The overall shape of DNA is called the...
What is the helix?
This happens in DNA replication
What is copying genetic information?
A ligase is
What is any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the joining of 2 molecules using a covalent bond along with the hydrolysis of ATP.
This uses the codons in mRNA molecules to specify the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chains.
What is translation?
A restriction enzyme is
What is an enzyme that recognizes and binds to a specific DNA sequence and then cleaves to a
phosphoester bond in each of two DNA strands?
The people who discovered the structure of DNA are...
What is James Watson and Francis Crick?
DNA replication takes place in this type of cell
What is the eukaryotic cell?
Silent mutation is
What is a mutation similar to insertion or deletion of a nucleotide coding sequence that results in the misreading of the code during translation?
Codons have this amount of nucleotide sequences
cDNA is made using what?
What is DNA that is made using RNA as the starting material.
The four bases of DNA are...
What is adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine?
DNA is replicated in this stage of the cell cycle
What is the S stage?
Messenger RNA's acronym is
What is mRNA?
A helicase is
What is a class of enzymes that are responsible for separation the 2 strands of DNA?
Important features of cloning vectors include
What is vectors have the ability to replicate when introduced into a living cell, contain convenient restriction sites where geneticists can insert fragments of DNA and have selectable markers?
(Any of these qualify.)
The acronym DNA stands for
What is deoxyribonucleic acid?
DNA replication needs to occur so
What is every cell having a complete set of DNA?
The process of synthesizing RNA by using one strand of a DNA molecule as a template.
What is translation?
during replication each of the parental DNA strands is separated into a new double stranded DNA molecule, which makes one half of the perental DNA is conserved. This process is
What is semi-conservative?
Gene cloning can produce multiple copies of a set of genes. This is possible because
What is the vector replicating at a high copy number within the cell, and the cells divide to produce many more cells.
The sides of the DNA 'ladder' are made up of
What is phosphates and sugar.
The three rules that proteins follow during DNA replication
What is help unzip the DNA strand, hold the DNA strands apart, and bond nucleotides together?
An RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to the growing end of a polypeptide chain during translation.
What is tRNA?
The three parts of a nucleotide
What is carbon sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base?
The basic cloning process has this number of steps.
What is four?