Transport
Pro. vs Eu.
Cell Structure +Function
Enzymes
100
Osmosis specifically refers to the diffusion of:
Through?
water, aquaporins
100
What are three differences of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Prokaryote: -No membrane bound organelles, Circular DNA, Older
Eukaryote: -Has membrane bound organelles, Linear DNA, Evolved from pro.
100
Which component is the main structural framework of the cell membrane?
Phospholipid bilayer
100
The term “active site” refers to:
The region where the substrate binds and the reaction occur
200
If water concentration is higher outside a cell than inside, what will happen?
Water will move into the cell
200
A scientist observes a cell that has DNA but no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. What type of cell is it most likely?
Prokaryotic cell
200
Integral membrane proteins differ from peripheral proteins because integral proteins:
Span all the way through the lipid bilayer
200
Enzymes are best described as:
Catalysts
300
What molecule can easily diffuse across the membrane?
Oxygen
300
What structure do BOTH prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have?
Ribosomes, DNA, cytoplasm, plasma membrane
300
Carbohydrate chains attached to membrane proteins or lipids are primarily involved in:
Cell recognition and signaling
300
Enzymes do NOT:
Change the overall free energy (ΔG) of a reaction
400
Active or Passive and why?: A cell needs more sugar inside, but there’s already a lot of sugar inside. The cell uses energy to bring more in.
Active, the cell already has a lot of sugar, so bringing in more goes against the gradient and requires energy.
400
What organelle produces most of the ATP used by eukaryotic cells?
Mitochondria
400
What is the function of the ER? (rough and smooth)
Rough ER: protein synthesis
Smooth ER: Lipid synthesis
400
At very high temperatures, enzyme activity decreases because:
The enzyme denatures
500
What type of transport involves channels?
Passive Transport
500
A cell contains chloroplasts, a cell wall, and a large central vacuole. What type of cell is it?
A plant cell
500
Define amphithatic, and provide an example.
Contains both polar and nonpolar regions. Phospholipids
500
Is this graph exergonic or endergonic? What is the ΔG and is it spontaneous or nonspontaneous?
Exergonic, -ΔG, spontaneous