Based on the following ABG results, what is the most likely acid-base diagnosis?
pH = 7.43, PCO2 = 39, HCO3⁻ = 25
acid-base status within normal limits
100
The oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve represents the relationship between:
O2 saturation and PaO2
100
What is the heart phase during the "P" wave of the complex in normal sinus rhythm?
Atrial Contraction
100
When the ventricles contract, the mitral valve is ______________.
closed
100
The pressure between the pleural space is said to be:
Negative
200
Which of the following ABG results most likely depicts that of a COPD patient who wears oxygen at home and is in acute respiratory distress?
7.11,103, 62, 35
7.36, 66, 60, 34
7.43, 44, 82, 25
7.11, 103, 62, 35
200
You are the day shift respiratory therapist in a small, rural hospital. During your rounds, you check on Mrs. Perez in room 2309. With your pulse oximeter, you assess that his O2 Saturation is 91%. If you draw a blood gas on him, his PaO2 will likely be around...
60
200
What is the protein that is released during an acute myocardial infarction
troponin
200
The % of blood leaving your heart each time it contracts is known as
ejection fraction
200
What is the hallmark of intrapulmonary shunting?
Refractory hypoxemia
300
In the case of a blood gas that presents with compensated respiratory acidosis, which of the following blood gas abnormalities would you expect to see?
1. decreased pH
2. increased HCO3⁻
3. increased PCO2
4. increased pH
2, 3
300
A patient who has been vomiting for the last 12 hours will likely present with what type of blood gas results?
Respiratory Acidosis
Respiratory Alkalosis
Metabolic Acidosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
300
The nodal tissue in this part of the conduction system has zero pacemaker cells but its surrounding tissue cells do have pacemaker cells that fire 40-60 x's per minute.
AV Node
300
The forces responsible for perfusion pressures include (choose 2 of 4):
Hearts pumping action
Elastic Recoil of the arteries
Venous Return
Systolic Pressures
Heart's pumping action and elastic recoil of the arteries
300
To where does blood flow after it leaves the pulmonary arteries?
lungs
400
What is the primary chemical event in metabolic alkalosis?
increase in blood HCO3 levels
400
Causes of a shift to the right include (name 3)
Decreased pH
Increased CO2
Increased Temperature
400
During a normal EKG rhythm, the activation of the ventricle is indicated by the
QRS Complex
400
While at rest, the myocardium extracts approximately what percentage of oxygen?
70%
400
Which of the following are the main functions of the nose?
I. Humidification
II. Heating
III. Filtering
IV. Immunity
1, 2 & 3
500
A patient who has an acute asthma exacerbation will likely exhibit the following blood gas results -
Respiratory Alkalosis
Respiratory Acidosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
Metabolic Acidosis
Respiratory Alkalosis
500
Causes of a shift to the left include (name 3)
Increase pH
Decrease CO2
Decrease Temperature
Decrease BPG
500
This part of the cardiac conduction system can serve as a pacemaker as discharge pulses are around 20-40 x's per minute. These are not activated as a pacer unless the conduction through the Bundle of His is blocked.
Perkinje Fibers
500
Where can the normal PMI be felt and sometimes seen?
At the intersection of the fifth intercostal space and the midclavicular line
500
Which of the following are considered accessory muscles of respiration?
I. Sternomastoids
II. Pectoralis major
III. Trapezius
IV. Abdominals