Reconstruction Plans
This president proposed the Ten Percent Plan as a relatively lenient way to restore Southern states to the Union.
Abraham Lincoln
This constitutional amendment abolished slavery throughout the United States.
13th Amendment
This federal agency provided food, education, legal assistance, and other support to formerly enslaved people.
Freedmen's Bureau
These Southern laws attempted to restrict the freedom and economic independence of African Americans after emancipation.
Black Codes
This president became the first U.S. president to be impeached.
Andrew Johnson
Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan primarily sought to accomplish this goal after the Civil War.
Peacefully and quickly
This amendment established citizenship and equal protection under the law.
14th Amendment
Freedpeople established these institutions in large numbers because literacy and education had often been denied under slavery.
Schools
This white supremacist organization used intimidation and violence to undermine Black political participation during Reconstruction.
Ku Klux Klan / KKK
This Reconstruction-era politician became the first African American to serve in the United States Senate.
Hiram Revels
This group of Republicans believed Lincoln's and Johnson's Reconstruction plans were too lenient toward the former Confederacy.
Radical Republicans
This amendment prohibited denying the vote based on race and expanded voting rights for African American men.
15th Amendment
Under this agricultural system, farmers worked another person's land in exchange for a portion of the crop.
Sharecropping
This term describes the return of white Democratic political control in Southern states during the later years of Reconstruction.
Redemption
Southern Democrats used this term negatively for white Southerners who supported Republican Reconstruction governments.
Scalawags
Unlike Presidential Reconstruction, the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 increased the power of this branch of government over Reconstruction.
Congress / Legislative Branch
Passed over President Johnson's veto, this 1866 law attempted to establish and protect citizenship rights for African Americans.
Civil Rights Act of 1866
Although sharecropping offered freedpeople access to land and work, this economic problem often kept Black farmers dependent on landowners.
Poverty Cycle
Northern enthusiasm for Reconstruction declined during the 1870s partly because attention shifted toward economic problems, political scandals, and other national concerns. What was this decline called in effect?
Loss of Northern support for Reconstruction
Southern Democrats used this term for Northerners who moved South after the Civil War and became involved in Southern politics or business.
Carpetbaggers
Radical Republicans opposed Johnson's Reconstruction policies largely because they believed his approach failed to adequately protect these people.
Freedmen
These federal laws passed in 1870 and 1871 attempted to suppress organizations such as the KKK and protect African American voting rights.
Enforcement Acts
Reconstruction governments made this major educational development possible across much of the South for the first time.
Public school systems
The withdrawal of federal troops from the South in this year is generally considered the official end of Reconstruction.
1877
African American participation in Southern government during Reconstruction demonstrated the most dramatic expansion of this type of power after emancipation.
Political power / political participation