Northern European Humanists
Where is Erasmus from?
NETHERLANDS!
True or false: The Catholic church on the eve of the Reformation was not all that corrupt
False!
When did Luther live?
1483-1546
True or False: Luther differed with the Catholic church on the doctrine of salvation, but agreed with the supremacy of the Pope
False!
When was the Peasant's War?
1520s
Who was the most famous NEH?
Erasmus
What theological question did the general populace wrestle with?
Assurance of salvation
What did he first start studying, and why did he change?
Law; went to a monastery to uphold a promise he made to God during a severe thunder storm
What did Luther deny at the Debate of Leipzig?
Authority of the pope and councils over Scripture
Who was the Emperor during the Reformation?
Charles V
Who did the NEH typically read/look to?
Early church fathers - Ambrose, Athanasius, Polycarp, etc.
Explain "mechanical methods of salvation"
If you do X, Y, or Z you could be saved. Pilgrimages, accumulation of relics, and buying indulgences were all means to assure oneself of salvation
What important theological doctrine did he come to believe while he taught in Wittenburg?
You are saved by grace through faith in Jesus Christ
When was Luther excommunicated?
1521
When was the Peace of Augsburg, and what did it do?
1555; formally recognized the division of Christianity and tolerated Lutheranism
What was the general NEH view of the church?
Explain the personal piety movement
Movement that emphasized one's personal spiritual life over the doctrines and dogma's of the church
Are the scriptures the only rule/authority we have on doctrine and Christian living? Explain
No - Scriptures are the ultimate, but not the only rule/authority (tradition, reason, councils, creeds, etc. are all acceptable, but they must align with Scripture)
What two sacraments did Luther keep?
Baptism and the Lord's Supper
What does "cuius regio, eius religio" mean?
Whose region, his religion
Why did the NEH support education?
Because they believed in personal piety, thus everyone should read, thus everyone should learn how to read
Who is largely considered the founder/starter of the personal piety movement?
Thomas a Kempis
What are the 5 solas?
Sola: Gratia, Fide, Christos, Scriptura, Deo Gloria
Explain why Luther promoted congregational singing and the Scriptures in the vernacular
What are the four reasons/groups of people that stalled the HRE response to Lutheranism?
France, Pope, Turks, Germans/princes