Regents Chemistry Review 1

Atomic Concepts

100

Explain, in terms of subatomic particles, why the radius of a chloride ion is larger than the radius of a chlorine atom.

What is the ion has gained an electron

200

An atom of Fluorine has a mass of 19 amu. What is the number of neutrons in its nucleus?

10 (mass- atomic number= number of neutrons)

300

An atom in an excited state has an electron configuration of 2-7-2. Write the electron configuration of this atom in the ground state.

What is 2-8-1

400

The gold foil experiment led to the conclusion that each atom in the foil was composed mostly of empty space because most alpha particles directed at the foil

went directly through the foil

500

The light emitted from a flame is produced when electrons in an excited state

fall back to the ground state and release energy

Periodic Table

100

Which Group 14 element is classified as a metal

Pb

200

Elements in a given group on the Periodic Table contain the same number of_______________

valence electrons

300

Which characteristics tend to decrease when the elements in Period 3 on the Periodic Table are considered in order from left to right?

metallic character and atomic radius

400

An atom of which element has the greatest attraction for electrons in a chemical bond?

Fluorine because it has the highest electronegativity

500

Which ion has the largest radius?

Na⁺      Mg²⁺      K⁺     Ca²⁺

K⁺

Moles/Stoichiometry

100

What is the chemical name for the compound PbO₂

Lead (IV) Oxide

200

What is the empirical formula of ethane, C₂H₆

CH₃

300

Glycine, NH2CH2COOH, is an organic compound found in proteins. Calculate the gram-formula mass of glycine. 

 75 g/mole

400

2NaHCO3(s) + heat → Na2CO3(s) + H2O(g) + CO2(g) Identify the type of chemical reaction represented by the equation.

decomposition

500

Based on this combustion reaction

2CO + O₂ --> 2CO₂ + Energy

What minimum mass of O₂ is required to completely reaction with 5.6 grams of CO?

1.6 grams of O₂

Chemical Bonding

100

Explain, in terms of valence electrons, why the bonding in magnesium oxide, MgO, is similar to the bonding in barium chloride, BaCl2

Mg and Ba both have 2 valence electrons

200

What is the total number of electron pairs shared between the carbon atom and one of the oxygen atoms in a carbon dioxide molecule?

2

300

Given this equation representing a reaction:

I + I --> I₂

Explain what is happening in terms of bonds and energy

energy is released and a bond is formed

400

Which formula represents a molecule with an asymmetrical distribution of charge? 

(1) H₂ (3) CO₂ (2) H₂O (4) CCl₄

H₂O  POLAR

SNAP acronym

500

Magnesium Nitrate contains chemical bonds that are

a) covalent only

b) ionic only

c) both covalent and ionic

d) neither covalent nor ion

c) ionic and covalent or molecular

Physical Behavior of Matter

100

Heat is added to a 200.-gram sample of H2O(s) to melt the sample at 0°C. Determine the total amount of heat required to completely melt the sample.

 66,800J

200

Heat is added to a 200.-gram sample of H2O(ℓ) starting at 0°C to a final temperature of 65°C. Calculate the total amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the H2O(ℓ).

54,340 J

300

Compare the amount of heat required to vaporize a 200.-gram sample of H2O(ℓ) at its boiling point to the amount of heat required to melt a 200.-gram sample of H2O(s) at its melting point.

The heat of vaporization is higher, so it takes more heat to vaporize than it does to melt.

400

A student makes a solution by completely dissolving 80.0 grams of NH4Cl(s) in 200.0 grams of water at 60. Classify, in terms of saturation, the type of solution made by the student.

What is unsaturated

500

The boiling point of a solution at standard pressure is ____________ than the boiling point of pure water at standard pressure.

boiling point of a solution is always higher than that of water (and the melting point is always lower)