Prokaryotic Gene Regulation I
Prokaryotic Gene Regulation II
Eukaryotic Gene Regulation I
Eukaryotic Gene Regulation II
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100
Enzyme that polymerizes mRNA.
What is RNA polymerase?
100
Lactose is metabolized into these two sugars.
What is glucose and galactose?
100
Proteins in which eukaryotic DNA is wrapped around
What are histones?
100
Term used to describe DNA + histones.
What is chromatin?
100
Enzyme that plays a role in metabolizing lactose in bacteria.
What is galactoside permease?
200
Where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription
What is a promoter?
200
lacI encodes for this protein; functions in turning off transcription.
What is the repressor protein?
200
Enzyme that transfers an acetyl group to histones to allow chromatin remodeling complex to bind to loosen DNA around proteins
What is histone acetyltransferase?
200
Enzyme that removes acetyl groups so that DNA can bind tighter to histones to prevent transcription.
What is histone deacetylase?
200
This is called ________.
What is the lac operon?
250
Cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter.
What is an operon?
250
Region where repressor molecule binds to block transcription of RNA polymerase and turn off expression of genes.
What is the operator region?
250
Form of gene regulation in eukaryotes that involves histone acetyltransferase.
What is chromatin remodeling?
250
Different eukaryotic cells can express these to regulate gene expression; determined by signals in cell's environment.
What are transcription factors?
250
Form of control where the repressor protein shuts down transcription.
What is negative control?
300
Binds to a region of DNA just before the lac operon promoter and helps RNA polymerase attach to the promoter.
What is CAP?
300
Region on the operator where RNA polymerase falls off and transcription stops.
What is the terminator region?
300
Allows single gene to produce mRNA that can be processed in different ways.
What is alternative mRNA splicing?
300
These parts of mRNA is spliced out before translation.
What are introns?
300
Process involved in regulating gene expression in eukaryotes
What is chromatin remodeling?
400
Complex helps RNA polymerase bind to the promoter.
What is CAP-cAMP?
400
A more optimal energy source than lactose; if present with lactose, will get metabolized first.
What is glucose?
400
One type of RNA interference that controls the expression of RNAs.
What are micronRNA (miRNA)?
400
The varying lengths of these two can alter how mRNA binds to ribosomes and is one way to alter the rate of translation.
What is the cap and tail?
400
Produces more than one mature mRNA.
What is alternative mRNA splicing?
500
Enzyme that transports lactose into bacterial cell; encoded by lacY gene.
What is galactoside permease?
500
Enzyme that cleaves lactose to produce glucose and galactose; encoded by lacZ gene.
What is beta-galactosidase?
500
Complex that binds to complementary mRNA sequence; the enzymes cleave mRNA so no transcription can occur.
What is RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)?
500
The binding of these proteins to mRNA can also alter the rate of translation?
What are regulatory proteins?
500
This shows the _________ at different levels in eukaryotes
What is the regulation of gene expression?