right or left
Homonymous hemianopsia
What is either?
more common-this type of syndrome often results in contralateral spastic hemiparesis and sensory loss of face and UE, aphasia, and contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
What is the Middle Cerebral Artery?
most measurable recovery occurs during this time
What is the first 3 months?
(fastest in first few weeks after onset; 90% recovery occurs in first 3 months; functional gains continue 6-12 months)
type of practice most beneficial to a pt with ideational apraxia
What is massed practice?
(enhances short term memory)
(repetition is key!)
caused by small vessel disease deep in the cerebral white matter-common is those with DM and/or HTN-results in sensory loss, ataxia, dysarthria
What is lacunar infarct?
(deficits in consciousness, language, or visual fields are not seen because the higher cortical areas are preserved)
Apraxia is common
What is left CVA?
uncommon due to redundancy-this syndrome often results in contralateral LE weakness(hemiparesis) and sensory loss, apraxia, executive dysfunction(memory and behavioral deficits), difficulty producing speech, possibly neglect
use dissociation, selective movements, repetition, PNF to improve__________
What is movement control?
(aim is to normalize movement patterns by inhibiting the abnormal synergies)
involving difficulty performing skilled and purposeful movement
What is apraxia?
secondary impairment involving lack of tone, paralysis, impaired propriocepion which all reduce the support normally provided by the RC
What is shoulder subluxation?
(use caution with PROM, transfers, positioning)
safety concerns due to quick, impulsive behavior and denial of disability/overestimate their abilities
What is right?
the PCA supplies blood to the upper brainstem, midbrain, and thalamus-often if occluded results in these impairments
What are contralateral homonymous hemianopsia, visual agnosia(can see but cannot interpret), cortical blindness(total or partial loss of vision), contralateral sensory deficits and motor weakness, alexia(difficulty reading)without agraphia(difficulty writing), thalamic pain?
techniques used to manage hypotonia
What are quick stretch, tapping, WB, resistance, approximation?
the pt will have no idea or won't have the right idea of what needs to be done with the task
What is ideational apraxia?
a pattern/grouping of muscles that produce specific movement
What is synergies?
slow, cautious, disorganized, aware of deficits
What is left?
produces massive infarction in area of brain supplied by the MCA-if collateral circulation of ACA from circle of Willis is absent will also result in extensive infarction to this region-results in significant edema and possible coma or death
What is the Internal Carotid Artery(ICA)?
techniques to manange spasticity
What are RIPs, rhythmic rotation, slow & steady passive movements out of pattern, prolonged stretching?
for the pt with ideomotor apraxia, creativity is a must to get them to do the task_________
What is automatically?
(pt's have an understanding of what the task requires but no longer have the kinetic memory or ability to mimic or copy gestures)
a pattern often associated with UE flexion and LE extension
What is spasticity?
What is right?
with this type of CVA, mortality rates are high-can produce a variety of ipsilateral and contralateral s/sx, some are: HA, dizziness, ataxia-the most devastating symptom is LIS
What is vertebrobasilar artery occlusion?
(basilar artery is formed by the vertebral arteries and supplies the pons, internal ear, and cerebellum)
techniques used to manage Pusher's Syndrome
What are active movements to the strong side, use of mirror, clasped hand reaching to midline?
a type of aphasia that results in impaired speech production, relatively intact comprehension, awareness of deficit-B.E.N
What is Broca's/expressive/nonfluent?
a pt with this syndrom will sit/stand asymmetrically with most of their weight shifted toward the weaker side-uses the stronger UE to push over to the weaker side often resulting in instability and falls
What is Pusher syndrome(Ipisilateral Pushing)?