Art & Architecture
He spent four years on his back painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel for Pope Julius II
Michelangelo
This new curriculum shifted focus away from medieval theology toward grammar, rhetoric, history, and poetry
the humanities (or studia humanitatis)
This French word, used to describe the period from 1330 to 1530, literally translates to "rebirth."
Renaissance
: Besides "rebirth," the summary of this time describes the Renaissance as a process of what?
Reinvention
These four specific classical authors are listed as the focus of humanist study (name one)
Cicero, Virgil, Aristotle, and Plato
This artist's School of Athens depicted a gathering of ancient philosophers as a tribute to humanist ideals.
Raphael
Humanists believed this was the ultimate goal of education: to create virtuous, active participants in public life.
"the active life" (or civic humanism)
While we use a French term today, 15th-century Italian writers used this word to describe the "renewal" of their culture.
rinascita (or renovatio)
What was the core belief regarding a "Renaissance man"
That people should develop their full potential through education, curiosity, and creativity.
In what way did Renaissance Italians view themselves in comparison to the Europeans of the "Middle Ages"?
more sophisticated and heirs to Roman greatness.
This architect studied Roman ruins to design the massive, self-supporting dome of the Florence Cathedral.
Filippo Brunelleschi
Humanists often mocked this medieval system of thought, which they viewed as being preoccupied with irrelevant theological debates.
scholasticism
Renaissance scholars believed they were awakening from a "deep sleep" of centuries of decline following the fall of this empire.
the Roman Empire
which four groups were largely excluded from the Renaissance (name 2)
Most women, rural peasants, the poor, and non-Christian minorities
Leonardo da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man is described as a fusion of which three elements? (name two)
Art, math, and classical ideals
He is the epitome of the "Renaissance Man," known for his scientific drawings and the Mona Lisa.
Leonardo da Vinci
This Roman orator served as the primary stylistic and moral model for Renaissance humanist writers.
Cicero
This fundamental political unit of the Italian peninsula allowed for the urbanization and wealth that fueled the Renaissance.
the city-state
Machiavelli argued that a leader should make decisions based on what, rather than moral rule
Real-world outcomes/effectiveness
What development in art became more common as a way to show individual identity, wealth, and personality?
Portraits
This famous bronze statue by Michelangelo was intended as a symbol of Florentine civic pride and human perfection.
David
He was the Florentine chancellor who promoted "civic humanism" as a way to use classical study for the benefit of the state.
Leonardo Bruni
He is widely considered the "Father of Humanism" for his role in recovering lost classical Latin manuscripts.
Petrarch
This term describes the ideal individual who has mastered many different fields, including art, science, and athletics.
"Renaissance Man" (or Universal Man)
Which five Italian city-states are specifically listed as fighting for territory and trade routes between the 1300s and 1500s? (name two)
Florence, Venice, Milan, Naples, and the Papal States.