Who is the painter responsible for the "Creation of Adam?"
Michelangelo
100
Why does the scientific revolution occur at this time?
Skepticism.
People start questioning and exploring for themselves.
100
Name at least three causes of the Reformation.
People were unhappy with the Church because of:
Abuses of clergy, indulgences, simony, nepotism, absenteeism, relics
100
What was the life of a peasant farmer like?
Work all day, live in shack, rarely shower, pay portion of crop, religion
200
What ancient civilizations does the Renaissance get its influence from? Give an example where this influence is shown.
Greek and Roman.
Examples: Architecture: The dome, columns, etc
Artwork
200
What new styles or techniques develop in the Renaissance & name an artwork where an example of at least one technique can be seen.
Perspective
Vanishing Point
Anatomy
Detail
200
What are two things that scientist Sir Isaac Newton is famous for?
Laws of Gravity, Laws of Motion, Calculus, etc.
200
Who are Martin Luther & John Calvin? What are their views on salvation & faith?
Martin Luther: German priest & monk
Salvation based on faith that all have access to
No indulgences
John Calvin: religious based rule
Predestination: prechosen who would go to heaven
200
Who invented the printing press? How does this achievement change life for people?
Johann Gutenberg.
Literature & reading become more popular, people learn to read, books become cheaper & easier to produce
300
What are the differences between Medieval & Renaissance culture that allow these new ideas to take place at this time?
End of plague and warfare. People feel a sense of security.
They have time to question, doubt, and think for themselves.
300
Name the characteristics of the Northern Renaissance movement & an artist.
Detail, common people, color, wood etchings.
Albrecht Durer, Hans Holbein, Pieter Bruegal, Jan van Eyck
300
Name the steps of the scientific method in order
1. state the problem
2. gather information
3. form a hypothesis
4. experiment to test the hypothesis
5. record & analyze data
6. state a conclusion
7. repeat
300
Why and How does the Protestant Reformation spread throughout Europe?
Many people are unhappy by the practicies of the church.
The Printing Press distributes Luther's 95 Theses.
300
Explain the Diet of Worms.
Luther is called to recant. He refuses to do so, so he must go into hiding.
400
Name the definition and quotes for any 3 ISMS
Humanism: focus on the accomplishments of man
Be all that you can be.
Individualism: focus on the achievements of man, proud of one’s achievements, there is nothing man can’t do.
I did it my way.
Secularism: Focus on worldly issues. Here and Now
Skepticism: I doubt it.
Classicism: focus on the classics. Back to the future
400
Compare & Contrast Machiavelli’s "The Prince" with Sir Thomas More’s "Utopia."
"The Prince:" advice on how to gain/maintain power in leadership positions
"Utopia:" Christian ideals and beliefs; wanted government to reestablish principles of Christian faith; ideal society
400
Who opposed many of the new discoveries of the scientific revolution? Why?
The Church.
The new discoveries challenged the way of thinking & the authority of the church
400
Who is Henry VIII? What is his disagreement with the church & how does he resolve it?
Henry VIII was the King of England.
He wanted to divorce his wife Katherine of Aragon, but the Pope will not grant the annulment.
Henry breaks off from church & creates the Anglican Church of England, placing the monarch as the leader of the church
400
Who was Ignatius Loyola & what part did he play in the Reformation?
Catholic inquisitor. Fought heresy & spread the faith. Founded Society of Jesuits
500
How did the Renaissance change people's view of the world?
They started to doubt the church and focus on man.
Art became more lifelike.
People questioned and explored for themselves.
500
Name the TMNT artists & an artwork for each.
Da Vinci: Mona Lisa, Last Supper, Vitruvian Man
Donatello: the Bronze David, Gattamelata (Honeycat)
Michelangelo: Pieta, Sistine Chapel, David
Raphael: School of Athens, Birth of Venus
500
What was the medieval view of the world/universe? How does this change during the Renaissance?
Medieval View:
Geocentric: earth is the center of the universe
Renaissance View:
Heliocentric: sun is the center of the universe
Copernicus proposes idea, Galileo later proves it
500
How does the Catholic Church attempt to counter the Protestant Reformation?
Council of Trent: banish indulgences, outlaw simony & nepotism, increase discipline for clergy, inquisition
500
Define Simony and Nepotism.
Simony: the buying and selling of jobs
Nepotism: giving a job to a relative