RESEARCH
What is the first step in most research studies?
Identifying/Formulating the research problem
Research that focuses on meanings, experiences and perceptions is called what?
Qualitative research
What is the entire group about which a researcher wants to draw conclusions called?
Population
What is the variable that a researcher changes or manipulates in an experiment?
Independent variable
What comes after identifying a research problem?
Literature review
What is a statement that clearly defines what a researcher intends to investigate called?
Research problem
What type of research is conducted to increase understanding of a phenomenon without an immediate practical application?
Basic/Pure research
In which sampling method is the population divided into subgroups and samples are selected from each subgroup?
Stratified sampling
What is the outcome that is measured in response to changes in another variable?
Dependent variable
Arrange these in the logical order: data collection, research problem, literature review, research design, data analysis.
Research problem → Literature review → Research design → Data collection → Data analysis
What is a researcher's specific, measurable statement of what the study intends to achieve?
Research objective
Which type of research investigates cause-and-effect relationships?
Causal/Experimental research
A researcher divides a city into geographical areas and randomly selects several areas to survey all eligible people within them. What sampling method is this?
Cluster sampling
What is a variable that may influence the relationship between the independent and dependent variables and needs to be controlled?
Control variable
In “training improves employee productivity,” what is the independent variable?
Training
What is a systematic process of collecting and analysing information to answer a question or solve a problem?
Research
A company tests whether changing the price of a product causes a change in sales. What type of research design is most appropriate?
Experimental research
A researcher deliberately selects accountants with more than 10 years of experience because they possess relevant knowledge. Which method is this?
Purposive sampling
In “AI usage affects students' academic performance,” what is the dependent variable?
Students' academic performance
A researcher studies whether classroom technology improves academic performance. Students' motivation affects their performance and differs between the technology and non-technology groups. What type of variable could motivation become if it creates a misleading relationship?
Confounding variable
Which research characteristic means that the study follows an organised and logical sequence of steps?
Systematic
A researcher studies whether social-media usage is associated with academic performance without manipulating either variable. What type of research is this?
Correlational research
A researcher surveys 100 students from a university where the population is 10,000. What does the 100 represent?
Sample size
What hypothesis proposes that a relationship or difference exists?
Alternative/Research hypothesis
A researcher studies whether study hours affect examination scores. Students' prior knowledge also affects examination scores but is not the main variable being studied. What type of variable is prior knowledge?