Basic Assessment
Kussmaul breathing is typically seen in a patient with: a)Increased airway resistance b)Decreased V/Q ratio c)Diabetic ketoacidosis d)Emphysema
What is c)Diabetic ketoacidosis
Patients use purse-lip breathing because it: a)Speeds up the respiratory rate b)Increases airway secretions c)Stabilizes the airways d)Increases air trapping on exhalation
What is c)Stabilizes the airways
What findings are typical for a patient with COPD? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
I. Digital clubbing
II. Chronic hypoxemia
III. Barrel chest
IV. Non-pleuritic chest pain
I, II, and III
Your patient has a tracheal shift to the right with Hyperresonance on percussion on the left upper lobe. This patient most likely has: a)A right pneumothorax b)A left pneumothorax c)A right pleural effusion d)A left pleural effusion
What is b)A left pneumothorax
When doing your physical assessment you notice tactile fremitus and upon auscultation you hear rhonchi. What disease is this associated with? a)Pneumonia b)Asthma c)Pulmonary edema d)Pulmonary embolism
What is a)Pneumonia
Your patient has obstructive lung disease. In response to this, which of the following are typically found?
1. Decreased lung compliance
2. Increased ventilatory rate
3. Increased tidal volume
4. Decreased ventilator rate
3 and 4
Which of the following labs would point to a patient having a decreased capacity to carry oxygen (select all that apply)? I.Increased RBC’s II.Decreased Hemoglobin III.Increased Hematocrit IV.Decreased Hematocrit
What is II.Decreased Hemoglobin IV.Decreased Hematocrit
Your patient has fine inspiratory crackles on auscultation, is coughing up pink, frothy sputum, and has a decrease in compliance. These symptoms are all consistent with:
What is pulmonary edema
Which of the following are related to an increase in the total oxygen delivery?
a) An increase in blood oxygen saturation
b) A decrease in Hemoglobin
c) A decrease in cardiac output
d) A decrease in PaO2
a) An increase in blood oxygen saturation
A showing of abnormal blood flow on a V/Q scan is indicative of what? a)Pneumonia b)Pneumothorax c)Pulmonary edema d)Pulmonary embolism
What is d)Pulmonary embolism
Your patients AP diameter is 1:1. This is consistent with: a)Kyphoscoliosis b)Barrel Chest c)Pectus Excavatum d)Pectus Carinatum
What is b)Barrel Chest
Gram staining is done to (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY):
1. classify organisms as gram positive or gram negative.
2. identify tuberculosis organisms.
3. speed up the organism culturing process.
4. help guide antibiotic therapy.
1 and 4
A normal V/Q ratio in a healthy patient is:
What is 0.8 or 4:5
Pulsus Paradoxus is associated with what disease process?
What is asthma
Common causes of metabolic alkalosis include (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY):
1. diuretic therapy.
2. vomiting.
3. excessive sodium bicarbonate administration (antacids).
4. gastric suctioning.
1, 2, 3, and 4