Health and Wellbeing
What is the definition of health and wellbeing?
The state of a person’s physical, social, emotional, mental and spiritual existence, characterised by an equilibrium in which the person feels happy, healthy, capable and engaged.
Name the five dimensions of health and wellbeing
Physical, social, emotional, mental and spiritual health and wellbeing
Who developed the Ottawa Charter, and what does it identify?
The World Health Organization developed the Ottawa Charter. It identifies the basic conditions and resources needed to improve health outcomes.
What is health status?
An individual’s or population’s overall health and wellbeing, considered using indicators such as life expectancy, mortality and morbidity.
What is self-assessed health status, and why is it subjective?
It is a person’s own perception of their health and wellbeing. It is subjective because people judge their health using different experiences, feelings and opinions.
What are the two main components of the health and wellbeing definition?
All five dimensions of health and wellbeing, and feeling happy, healthy, capable and engaged
Which dimension relates to the functioning of the body and its systems? Give me the dimension and other one characteristic.
Physical health and wellbeing. Characteristics include appropriate fitness, optimal energy, healthy body weight, absence of illness or the ability to complete daily tasks.
What is peace, and how can it improve health outcomes?
Peace is the absence of conflict. It can reduce injury and premature death while lowering stress and anxiety by creating safety and security.
Why do we measure health status?
To make judgements about and compare the health and wellbeing of individuals, groups and populations.
What is life expectancy, YLL and YLD?
The average number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.
YLL (Years of life lost)
YLD (Years lived with disability)
What does it mean when health and wellbeing is described as subjective?
It is influenced by personal beliefs, feelings, experiences and opinions. Therefore, different people may view their health and wellbeing differently.
What is the difference between mental and emotional health and wellbeing?
Mental health and wellbeing relates to the mind, thinking, processing information, confidence and self-esteem. Emotional health and wellbeing relates to recognising, managing and expressing feelings positively and displaying resilience.
What is shelter, and how can it promote mental health and wellbeing?
Shelter is a structure that protects people from the outside environment. Having a safe and secure home can reduce stress and anxiety.
What four features should you identify when analysing a graph?
The title, the horizontal and vertical axes, the key, and a trend or pattern
What is mortality, and how are mortality rates measured?
Mortality refers to the number of deaths in a population during a given period. Mortality rates are commonly presented per 100,000 people over 12 months
What does it mean when health and wellbeing is described as dynamic?
Health and wellbeing is continually changing and can improve or decline over time.
What is the difference between social and spiritual health and wellbeing?
Social health and wellbeing relates to relationships and adapting to social situations. Spiritual health and wellbeing relates to beliefs, values, ethics, meaning, purpose, hope and belonging.
Explain one way access to food can improve health and wellbeing.
Food security allows people to consume adequate nutrients, providing energy, supporting immunity and helping the body and its systems function effectively.
What must a strong comparison using a health graph include?
A similarity and/or difference between the groups, supported with accurate numerical data from the graph.
Life expectancy is 85 years and a person dies at age 27. Calculate their years of life lost.
85−27=58 years of life lost.
A person earns enough income to afford nutritious food and healthcare. Explain how this could improve one dimension of health and wellbeing.
Access to nutritious food and healthcare can reduce illness and support the effective functioning of the body and its systems, improving physical health and wellbeing.
Explain one interrelationship between two dimensions of health and wellbeing.
For example, illness may prevent someone from seeing their friends. Poor physical health and wellbeing could therefore weaken relationships and reduce social health and wellbeing.
Explain a pathway linking education to improved physical health and wellbeing.
Education can increase health knowledge and employment opportunities. This can lead to healthier behaviour, a higher income and better access to healthcare, reducing illness and improving physical health and wellbeing.
What is a trend? Give an example of a sentence describing one.
A trend is movement over time, a pattern, or a similarity or difference in the data. For example: “The percentage decreased over time for both males and females.”
A country’s life expectancy increases from 52 to 68 years after improvements in clean water and vaccination. What does this suggest?
It suggests that the country’s health status has improved. Clean water and vaccination reduce infectious disease and premature death, lowering mortality and allowing people to live longer.