Vocab
Citizen
a recognized member of a state or community who owes allegiance to its government and, in turn, is entitled to its protection, rights, and privileges
The Enlightenment
An 18th century intellectual movement that favored human reason, science, and individualism over blind faith and tradition
Nation
people with shared cultures, languages, and history
George Washington
Sovereignty
the supreme power, authority, or right of a state to govern itself, its people, and its lands without outside interference
Industrial Revolution
the global shift from manual, farming economies to industrialized, mechanized manufacturing
were most people citizens or subjects before 1800
subjects
Thomas Jefferson
Author of the Declaration of Independence
Independence
the state of being free from the control, support, or influence of others
French Revolution
a period of radical political and societal change
Nationalism
believing a nation should govern itself and that it is the most important
Napoleon Bonaparte
French general who ended the revolutionary period
Revolution
a sudden, fundamental change in society's political, social, or economic structures
Latin American Revolution
a series of anti-colonial movements that resulted in the independence of most Latin American countries from Spanish and Portuguese rule
Why it started
people wanted more individual control and questioned authority
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
A french philosopher
Tax
a mandatory financial charge collected by a government from individuals and businesses
Scientific Revolution
a period of drastic change in scientific thought from the 16th to the 18th centuries
How it spread
soldiers, leaders, and ideas moving across borders
José de San Martín
Argentine general who led campaigns to secure the Independence of Argentina, Chile and Peru