Rhetorical Appeals
The appeal to emotions, values, desires, fears, and prejudices.
Pathos
A listener, viewer, or reader of a text.
The attitudes and emotions of the speaker about the subject of the text.
Tone
An objection or opposing viewpoint.
Counterargument/Counterclaim
What is important to consider about the speaker of a text?
Their background, experience, and persona.
Which appeal is being used here?
Nearly 25% of all car accidents are caused by drivers using cell phones while driving.
Logos
The use of 25%, a statistic, is used to emphasize a fact about the causes of car accidents.
What part of the rhetorical triangle is missing?
Speaker
Audience
?
Purpose
When writers use words like "extraordinary" instead of "great," and "devastating" instead of "sad," what is this style called?
Diction (Word Choice)
A clear, debatable statement that a speaker or writer asks an audience to accept.
Claim
Which rhetorical appeal includes the use of counterarguments?
Logos
Which appeal is being used here?
As a lawyer for over 20 years, Brianna has seen many cases like this, so she's not worried about losing.
Ethos
Because it states "as a lawyer for over 20 years," this appeals to credibility and trust based on Brianna's knowledge and expertise.
Which part of the rhetorical triangle consists of the speaker's message being communicated and the goal they are trying to achieve?
Purpose
When speakers favor one side unfairly and alter facts and evidence, they are demonstrating what?
Bias
What is rhetoric?
The art of persuasion and communication.
What impact does tone have on an argument?
Tone impacts the way the viewers perceive a message and how they interpret information that is being communicated.
Which appeal uses evidence from research, such as reports and statistics?
Logos
What is the relationship between the speaker and the audience?
The speaker must address a target audience that shares values or desires with them; the audience must be connected to the speaker or their message in order to have a reason to read.
What style method is demonstrated here?
Because many individuals choose to opt out of voting, all citizens choose not to vote.
This example highlights the use of forming illogical conclusions based on evidence.
To refute or rebut a counterclaim means what?
Deny its validity (shut it down).
What makes diction so effective in arguments?
Word choice manipulates tone, mood, interpretation, and impact on the audience.
The use of personal anecdotes demonstrates which appeal(s)?
Ethos, Pathos, and Logos!
Ethos: Personal experiences = trust
Pathos: Anecdote = evoking emotions
Logos: Real examples = evidence/logic
What part of the rhetorical situation refers to the events, attitudes, and circumstances surrounding the text?
Context
NOT occasion.
The use of visuals in an argument, such as charts, helps speakers with what?
Visuals in arguments help speakers further persuade their audiences by appealing to their logic and emotions. Visuals also help speakers clarify information by using something audiences can visually remember.
What is the difference between context and occasion?
Context is the events, attitudes, and circumstances surrounding a text, while occasion refers to the time, place, and REASON a text was written/spoken.
Which FIVE rhetorical strategies are being used here?
As teachers, we need to understand the impact we have on students. Most students report having at least one memorable teacher who impacted their lives. While some students say none of their teachers were impactful, the lessons they learned still stick with them.
Logos: "Most students report..."
Ethos: "As teachers,..."
Counterargument: "While some students say..."
Claim: "We need to understand..."
Rebuttal: "the lessons they learned still..."