Emotional Damage!!
What is pathos?
Appeal to emotion
What is ethos?
An appeal based on credibility, trust, authority, or character.
What is repetition?
Repeating words or phrases for emphasis.
What is a fact?
Information that can be proven true.
What are connotations?
Connotations are the feelings, ideas, or associations connected to a word, beyond its literal meaning. (positve or negative)
What are sensory details?
Details involving the five senses
What are credentials and titles?
Qualifications or professional titles that demonstrate expertise or authority.
What is figurative language?
Language that is not meant literally, such as metaphors, similes, and personification.
What are statistics?
Numerical data used as evidence.
“Learning a language is like building a house: you need a strong foundation.” What technique is used?
Analogy.
“The warm bread smelled sweet as the golden crust cracked beneath my fingers.” What technique is being used to create an emotional experience?
Sensory details / Imagery
“As a qualified doctor with 20 years of experience, I have treated hundreds of patients.” What technique builds ethos in this example?
Authority / credentials and titles.
“We will work. We will fight. We will succeed.” What technique is used?
Repetition.
“According to Dr. Ahmed, a professor of education, regular reading improves vocabulary.” What type of evidence is used?
Expert source / testimony of an expert.
A speaker consistently uses formal, accurate, and respectful vocabulary. What technique helps establish credibility?
Professional language
“Without your help, hundreds of abandoned animals will spend another cold night alone.” Explain how pathos is created.
Emotional language creates sympathy for the animals
“As parents and teachers, we all want students to feel safe and supported.” What technique builds ethos?
Appeal to shared values.
What is syntax?
How the sentence is built + why the writer built it that way. (short/long/reprtitive/lists etc)
“A university study found that students who regularly read showed stronger vocabulary development.” What type of evidence is being used?
Research.
“The classroom was a zoo.” Identify the technique and explain what it suggests.
Metaphor / figurative language; it suggests the classroom was wild, noisy, or chaotic.
What is an anecdote?
A short story about a real or personal experience.
“Studies support this approach; however, there is also evidence showing possible limitations.” What technique makes the speaker appear trustworthy?
Neutral and fair presentation.
“The door opened. Silence. He froze.” What technique is being manipulated for effect?
Syntax.
A speaker displays numerical information using bars and percentages. What type of evidence is being presented?
A chart / graph / statistics.
What is an allusion?
An indirect reference to a well-known person, event, story, place, myth, or text that the audience is expected to recognize.