Igneous Rocks
Molten rock below the surface of the Earth
What is magma?
The forces are required for rocks to metamorphosize into metamorphic rock types.
What are heat and pressure?
This is the main force involved in cementing and compacting sediments into sedimentary rocks.
What is pressure?
This term describes rocks being broken down over time.
What is weathering?
This term describes broken rock particles being moved and deposited in another location.
What is erosion?
Molten rock on the surface of the Earth
What is lava?
These often form in metamorphic rock as the result of heat and pressure. These can form in waves or irregular-shaped stripes.
What are layers?
This term describes mineral deposits settling at the bottom of a body of water in layers over time.
What is sedimentation?
This type of body of water forms canyons by weathering rocks over thousands of years.
What are rivers?
Water, as surface runoff carries this from one location to another.
What is sediment?
This type of igneous rock cools below the surface of the Earth.
What is intrusive igneous rock?
This is the term for the original rock before it undergoes metamorphosis.
What is parent rock?
Because sedimentary rocks have deposits over time, these are very common in sedimentary rocks.
What are layers?
This type of weathering happens when forces such as wind, water, or ice break apart rocks.
What is physical weathering?
Sand dunes are the result of erosion. This is what deposits sand into hills.
What is wind?
This type of igneous rock cools rapidly above the surface of the Earth.
What is extrusive igneous rock?
This is the term for a metamorphic rock when relating it to the type of rock it was before the metamorphosis.
What is daughter rock?
Sedimentary rock is formed under these because sediments settle at the bottom in layers and have the pressure necessary to form rock.
What are bodies of water?
This type of weathering occurs when water, oxygen, acid, or living organisms break down a rock by reacting with the minerals within the rock.
What is chemical weathering?
These heavy ice formations slide down mountains with trapped rocks and soil, causing erosion.
What are glaciers?
These form when igneous rock cools. The slower that igneous rock cools (i.e. deep below the surface), the larger these become.
What are crystals?
The types of rocks from the rock cycle that can become metamorphic rocks by undergoing heat and pressure.
What are sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks?
The relatively lower heat of sedimentary rocks means you can only find these in sedimentary rocks, in igneous or metamorphic rocks.
What are fossils?
This type of physical weathering happens when water seeps into cracks of rocks and then expands as it freezes, then thaws, leaving the cracks wider than before.
What is ice wedging?
This force causes erosion when it pulls loosened rocks, mud, and/or soil down.
What is gravity?