Sedimenmtary
What is sedimentary rock made out of?
Sediment
What are igneous rocks formed out of?
Lava and magma
What do the words meta and morph mean?
change of form
What is the rock cycle?
A cycle depicting how each type of rock can be changed into another type of rock with the right conditions.
If you were a paleontologist looking for fossils, what kind of rock would you look for?
Sedimentary
What is deposition?
Sediment which is moved by weathering or erosion is deposited in layers
Magma lives inside the earth's mantle. Rocks formed here are called what?
Intrusive Rocks
What two conditions are required for a metamorphic rock to form?
High pressure and high heat
How are rocks classified?
Their properties and where they are formed
How do stalactites form in a cave?
They are formed from mineral-rich water dripping from the roof of the cave, and the minerals being left being to form a deposit.
What is an example of chemical weathering?
Acidic rain eats away at soft rock such as limestone
Scoria is a type of rock formed from cooling lava, and contains gas bubbles creating holes in the rock. Is this intrusive or extrusive?
Extrusive
True/False: Metamorphic rocks can be formed from both igneous and sedimentary rocks.
True
Where can you find sediment?
Answers vary: Beach, soil, river bed etc.
True/False: A rock containing quartz crystals must be igneous.
False. Quartz is able to withstand high heat and pressure, and can be found in metamorphic rocks.
What is compaction?
When multiple layers are stacked on top of each other the weight pushes them down.
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Where it is located
What causes foliation in a metamorphic rock?
When there is uneven pressure or heat on the rock layers as it forms
Describe the properties of ochre that make it valuable to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples.
It has a high shine that generates a shimmering effect in the light of a fire. It is used as body paint, rock paint, and cave paint.
Describe how rocks deep below the Earth come to be on the surface.
There is a slow uplift of rocks to the surface as they cool and are pushed away from the hotter rocks below.
The part of the process where ground water flows through the layers cementing them together to form sedimentary rock.
Where would you find obsidian?
Above the Earth's surface near an old lava flow
When limestone is heated and changed into a metamorphic rock, what does it become?
Marble
What is an index mineral?
A mineral that is only formed at a specific temperature or pressure, and can inform the type of rock.
How is coal formed?
Coal is a sedimentary rock formed when biological matter is buried under sediment. As it is compacted/ pressurized/heated, organic matter is removed leaving carbon behind.