Geography and Influences
This mountain range helped protect Rome from invasion in the north
The Alps
What is a republic?
A government where citizens elected representatives.
Who are the plebeians?
commoners- included farmers, workers, and soldiers.
What are aqueducts?
structures that carried water into Roman cities.
What is a triumvirate?
Bonus: which people were in the first triumvirate? The second?
Rule of three.
Bonus: First- Julius, Pompey, Crassius
Second- Octavian, Mark Antony, Lepidus
How did access to the Mediterranean Sea help Rome?
Helped with trade and expansion.
These two officials were elected yearly to lead the government and army.
Consuls
What did Roman boys from wealthy families often study?
Math, science, literature, writing
Which Roman innovation connected the empire and helped armies move quickly?
Roads
Why did people love Caesar?
Why did they hate him?
Loved- created public works, gave jobs and property, made the calendar
Hated- feared he would become a king
Rome’s geography supported unity with easily crossable land, while Greece’s mountains encouraged division
What was the main job of the Roman Senate?
Advise leaders and help govern
These two forms of entertainment were especially popular in Rome
gladiator games and chariot races
What language did they create? Which languages come from it?
Latin.
English, Spanish, French
When was Caesar assassinated?
What happened to his assassins?
Bonus: who took power after he died?
Ides of March (March 15, 44 BC)
They were killed in a civil war.
Bonus: Octavian (Augustus)
Which group greatly influenced Roman engineering and government?
Etruscans
What was the first written code of laws called?
The twelve tables
Explain the difference in housing between the wealthy and poor.
Wealthy- big houses with space and servants
Poor- tall, cramped apartments that were dirty
Describe the features of Roman architecture.
Arches, columns, domes, concrete, statues
Why could religion help unify the Roman Empire?
Shared beliefs and rituals created common identity