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How did Rome’s geography affect the people who lived there?
The Mediterranean Sea provided the Romans access to trade routes, and the hills increased the difficulty of an invasion.
List the eras of ancient Roman history in chronological order.
Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic, Roman Empire
How did the Romans use the Colosseum during ancient history?
gladiator fights and battle reenactments
Why did the Romans establish a tripartite government during the Republic?
The Romans believed in checks and balances to keep any group from becoming too powerful.
Why did Marc Antony and Octavian start a civil war in Rome after Julius Caesar’s death and fight against each other at the Battle of Actium?
Octavian was upset that Antony broke their political alliance by divorcing Octavian’s sister and marrying Queen Cleopatra of Egypt instead.
At its peak, Ancient Rome consisted of which early ancient civilizations?
Ancient Rome once included Egypt, Greece, and Mesopotamia.
Jesus of Nazareth’s teachings of Judaism evolved into what other world religion?
Christianity
Why is Constantine considered an important figure in world history?
He recognized Christianity as a religion and organized a convention to establish consistent teachings among churches. He was also a Roman Emperor and moved the capital of Rome to Constantinople.
Why did the Romans repeatedly expand the size of their territory?
The Romans wanted to increase their population to boost their tax revenue and the number of soldiers.
How did the Imperial Crisis contribute to the decline of the Roman Empire?
There was inconsistent leadership with over twenty different emperors in fifty years.
How did the Greeks influence ancient Roman mythology?
The Romans adopted and modified Greek religion after learning it from Greek colonies established in Italy.
Why did the plebeians protest against the Roman government and form their own council?
The plebeians could not hold political offices or participate in government.
What did the Romans build across their empire for 50,000 miles (80,000 kilometers) to improve the travel of armies and trade goods?
Roads
What was the name of Rome’s first written law code, which was displayed in the Roman Forum?
Twelve Tables
How did Diocletian attempt to save the Roman Empire?
He split the Roman Empire into two halves and appointed a co-emperor to rule alongside him.
Why was the story of Romulus and Remus important to the Romans?
The story explained the founding of Rome.
How were the dictators from the Early Roman Republic, such as Cincinnatus, perceived by the public?
The Romans did not see dictators as cruel or harmful rulers. Instead, they found them helpful during times of crisis to bring peace back to Rome.
What role did enslaved people play in the economy of the Roman Empire?
They provided labor on farms, mines, homes, and building projects that led to the economic success of the Roman Empire.
Why is Julius Caesar considered an important figure in world history?
He was a general who conquered Gaul and rose to power due to his popularity and victory in a civil war.
How did using standard currency help support trade in ancient Rome?
The silver and gold used in coins were valuable to everyone and simplified trade.
Why did Judea and Rome fight during the Roman-Jewish Wars?
The Jews were upset that the Romans actively disrespected their religion, and corrupt leaders heavily overtaxed Judea.
According to the Bible, what method did the Romans use to execute Jesus of Nazareth?
Crucifixion
What language was spoken in ancient Rome and is the source of many English words today?
Latin
Why did several Roman senators murder Julius Caesar?
Caesar became a lifetime dictator of the Roman Republic, and some senators feared he would declare himself a king.
What were the assemblies and what were their powers?
The assemblies were voters who elected government officials, passed or rejected law proposals, served as a court of appeal for criminal cases, and declared war or peace with other civilizations.