First Aid Procedures
What does PPE stand for?
Personal ProtectiveEquipment
What is the first priority when someone may be having a heart attack?
Call EMS
How many rescuers are recommended for the most effective BVM use?
two
What medical emergency involves an absent pulse and absent normal breathing?
Cardiac arrest
What is the purpose of in-line stabilization?
Minimize head, neck and spinal movement
How long should hands be washed?
At least 20 seconds
Name two signs of respiratory distress.
Wheezing, difficulty speaking, shortness of breath or abnormal breathing.
What does the airway rescuer do during BVM ventilation?
Maintains airway position and mask seal.
What emergency involves absent breathing but a pulse?
Respitory arrest
When performing a head-splint technique, which body parts help stabilize the head?
The persons arms
Name two signs that bleeding may be life-threatening.
Continuous or spurting blood; substantial blood loss.
A lifeguard is pale, dizzy, nauseated and cool/clammy after working in the heat. What condition may they have?
Heat exhaustion
What does the second BVM rescuer do?
Squeezes the bag to deliver ventilations.
What are agonal gasps?
Abnormal gasping that is not normal breathing.
Where should the rescuer grasp the arms during a head-splint technique?
Between the shoulders and elbows.
After a chemical splash on skin, how long should the affected area be flushed with cool running water, according to the lifeguarding manual?
At least 15 minutes
What cooling method is recommended in the first aid exam for suspected heat stroke?
Rapid cooling with cold-water immersion when feasible and safe.
Should the BVM bag be completely compressed during each breath?
No; deliver enough air for visible chest rise.
What should be done before compression cycles for a person in drowning-related cardiac arrest?
Give two initial ventilations.
A person strikes their head on the pool wall, is breathing and has a suspected spinal injury. What extrication method is appropriate?
Extrication using spinal motion restriction.
What is the difference between rapid and secondary assessments?
Rapid assessment identifies immediate life threats; secondary assessment identifies additional injuries and illnesses.
A person has an anaphylactic reaction. What medication is used, and how is it commonly administered?
Epinephrine by injection into the thigh muscle using an appropriate auto-injector.
What should you do if the first rescue breath fails to make the chest rise?
Reopen the airway, correct the seal and attempt a second breath
During a CPR role change, what word should be called in place of compression number one?
Swicth
A person with a suspected spinal injury is not breathing. What type of extrication should be prioritized?
Rapid extrication followed by immediate lifesaving care.