Incubation
What was the Emancipation Manifesto? *Bonus: When was it issued?*
1861- royal decree that ended serfdom
What was a significant result of the February Revolution?
Military leaders and the Duma forced the czar to abdicate.
What were the two sides of the Russian Civil War? Which side were the Bolsheviks on? *Bonus: Who was a well- known commander of that particular side?*
Reds and Whites- Bolsheviks were Red. Trotsky organized the Reds into a fighting force.
What were the Five- year Plans?
state controlled all manufacturing and trade, imposed high quotas on industry
How did Stalin cultivate a cult of personality?
Loyal party members wrote songs about him, and rewrote history textbooks to flatter him.
What was the outcome of Bloody Sunday? (at least one)
100 to 1,500 civilians died; czar implemented some reforms (October Manifesto of civil rights, all men could vote, created Duma or elected assembly)
What was a significant result of the October Revolution?
The Bolsheviks took control of the government.
What was Lenin’s New Economic Policy? Did it reflect capitalism, socialism or communism?
Peasants could sell produce and have small business, and the government controlled banking and industry (socialism).
What were the Gulags?
(organization that oversaw) prison, labor and detention camps--- Prisoners basically worked until they starved or fell dead from exhaustion or illness.
Before Lenin’s death, what did Lenin think of Stalin’s leadership abilities?
Lenin said that Stalin was too "rude" and "coarse" to be an effective leader.
Why were Russians displeased with their country's participation in WWI? (at least two responses, multiple exist)
Two to three million Russian soldiers were dying due to outdated machinery, czar was ineffective military leader, inflation, food and fuel shortages
One Bolshevik slogan was “all power to the _____.” What goes in the blank, and define the term.
soviets-- a type of workers councils, strike committees or debate societies that become the local organizational arm of the Bolsheviks
What was the purpose of the Great Purge(s)? * Bonus: When was the first Great Purge?*
1934- to get rid of real or imagined enemies of Stalin
How did farmers resist the collectivization efforts?
Farmers resisted by killing their livestock or burning their crops, instead of turning them over to the government.
Did Trotsky think that Stalin was practicing true communism? Why or why not?
No, Trotsky called Stalin a dictator working with inherited middle class bureaucracies.