United Nations
What was the official order to the UN Peacekeepers?
Do not interfere. Do not use violence.
Which European countries colonized Rwanda?
Germany and then Belgium
How many days did the Genocide last?
100
Immediately after the genocide, what happened?
- Prisons overflowed
- Hutus fled to Zaire (DRC) as refugees
What song starts with "to the left, to the left, everything you own in a box to the left."?
Irreplaceable by Beyonce
Who was the leader of the peacekeeping mission in Rwanda?
Romeo Dallaire
What was Rwanda like before the arrival of europeans?
Tutsi controlled-kingdom. Hutu were working the land for Tutsis, similar to European feudalism.
Which two military groups were involved in the Genocide? explain their roles.
-Interahamwe/Rwanda National Forces (FAR)- Hutu
- Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF)- Tutsi
How/When does the genocide end?
July 4th 1994, RPF and Kagame invade Kigali and take over the govenment.
What is Mrs. Estridge's favorite Chik-Fil-A sauce?
Polynesian- duh.
Why was the UN already in Rwanda in 1994?
To enforce the Arusha Accords as a result of previous conflicts from 1990-1994
The power between the Hutu and Tutsi switched. Tutsis went into exile in surrounding nations. Belgiums flip flopped support.
Where did the RPF come from? Why did the genocide start on April 7th 1994?
President Habyarimana's plane was shot down. The RPF came from Uganda in the North where they had been organizing and planning since 1959.
What were some "firsts" that came from the ICTR?
- 1st former head of state to be convicted of genocide
- 1st time they have convited someone of using rape as a form of genocide/crime against humanity
- 1st time the media has been found guilty of promoting genocide
What is the oldest dorm on NHS campus?
Ebbles 1830 OR Caswell 1831
List 3 reasons why the international community was hesitant to intervene?
- they "didn't know"
- Somalia Syndrome
- too costly
- The US has interests not friends
- not classified as a "genocide"...yet
- "ancient ethnic hatred"
- Creation of ID cards w ethnicity
- Favoring of Tutsi for government positions
- Education, power, money to Tutsi
- dehumanization
- historical differences
- fear/panic- sense of urgency
- victimization and role reversal
- Us Vs. Them
What is the purpose of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)? What is the major criticism they've faced?
- purpose is to convict organizers/leaders/planners of the genocide.
- Only 93 convictions
- The UN failed to intervene and is now trying to take control/ do the right thing.
Who was the starting QB for the Florida Gators 2008 national championship team?
TEBOW
Why did they not use the term "Genocide" until after 1994?
- Mandate to intervene after Holocaust
- "Never Again"
- claims that it was a civil war
- "the crime of genocide is characterised by the specific intent to destroy in whole or in part a national, ethnic, racial or religious group by killing its members or by other means"- ICC/UN
Explain the historical division between Hutus and Tutsis
- Agriculturalists vs. Pastoralists
- Physical differences (maybe?)
- Cow Ownership
- Tutsis favored by Belgiums, given government roles, education, power, etc
What methods did the Interahamwe use to commit the genocide?
- rape and sexual violence
- targeting Hutu moderates, encouraging snitching and betrayal
- seeking out refuge locations (churches, schools, orphanages)
- roadblocks to check IDs
- using media and propaganda to justify actions and encourage involvement
Explain the traditional court system used for reconciliation
Gacaca Courts.
- open air, local, community courts
- meant to promote truth and justice on local level
- mainly witness based
- focus on forgiveness
What county are we currently in?
Belknap County