These two chronotropes can be used as initial medical therapy idependently or alongside transcutaneous pacing for bradycardia with cardiopulmonary compromise per the ACLS algorithm.
What are dopamine and epinephrine?
This is the difference between capacity and competency.
What is
Name three organ systems, beyond the endocrine system, for which current evidence supports additional benefits.
What are renal, cardio, hepatic, pulm (OSA), and hepatic?
This historic AUD maintenance medication inhibits alcohol metabolism causing nausea and vomiting, and is no longer favored in practice.
What is disulfiram?
I used to rule the world
Seas would rise when I gave the world
Now in the mornin', I sleep alone
Sweep the streets I used to own
What is Viva La Vida (by Coldplay)?
6 mg of adenosine are given for a tachyarrhythmia without improvement, this is the recommended second dose and correct way to administer adenosine.
What is 12 mg in a proximal peripheral IV (ideally at least antecubital) followed by saline flush and elevation of arm?
May administer third dose at 12 mg if needed. The 6-12-12 rule.
These four principles must be assessed when determining a patient's capacity to make medical decisions.
What is U-CAR?

These two "incretin" hormones are the targets of modern therapies like Tirzepatide.
What are GLP-1 and GIP?
Tirzepatide is a dual acting receptor agonist. As mentioned in our grand rounds, there are also ongoing studies investigating the effect of GLP-1 agonism combined with GIP antagonism.
Rank these benzodiazepines based on duration of action from longest to shortest: lorazepam, midazolam, chlordiazepoxide?
What is chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam, midazolam?
Long-acting agents (diazepam, chlordiazepoxide) are preferred by many clinicians because the gradual, self-tapering decline in drug level produces a smoother withdrawal with better control of breakthrough/rebound symptoms and seizure prevention.
Very short acting agents like midazolam are not recommended because they require more frequent assessment and closer clinical monitoring.
When I was a young boy
My father took me into the city
To see a marching band
What is Welcome to the Black Parade (by My Chemical Romance)?
Following initiation of transcutaneous pacing for bradycardia with cardiopulmonary compromise, look for these two signs to ensure appropriate pacing.
What are electrical and mechanical capture?
False capture mimicking a QRS may occur due to skeletal muscle contraction or if heart is depolarizing without causing adequate myocardial contraction.
Name 5 actions that can be considered "delirium precautions".
What are ...

And don't forget medication reconciliation - deprescribe if possible!
This personal or family oncologic history, along with this genetic syndrome, constitutes the boxed-warning contraindication to GLP-1 receptor agonists based on rodent C-cell tumor data.
What are What are medullary thyroid carcinoma and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2 A and B)?
This dual mechanism of action contributes to phenobarbital’s increased efficacy in patients who do not respond adequately to benzodiazepines.
What is GABA agonism and glutamate antagonism?
As opposed to benzodiazepines which only exert their effects through GABA agonism.
Release your inhibitions
Feel the rain on your skin
No one else can feel it for you
Only you can let it in
What is Unwritten (by Natasha Bedingfield)?
This is the initial lidocaine bolus dose during ACLS.
What is 1-1.5 mg/kg?
Second bolus dose is half of initial dose.
This is the only common antipsychotic medication that can be given IV.
What is Haloperidol?

GLP-1s are associated with multiple side effects, predominantly related to the GI system. However, some data suggests eye related complications as well. Name 1 possible ocular effect of the GLP-1s.
What are
Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION): Often called an "eye stroke," this rare condition happens when blood flow to the optic nerve is blocked, causing sudden, painless, and often permanent vision loss
Retinopathy screening before initiation is also advised, given early worsening with rapid glycemic improvement
These two criteria must be met before prescribing naltrexone for AUD maintenance therapy.
What are LFTs < 5x ULN and no opioid dependance (opioid free for 7 days if using frequently)?
Available in daily (oral) and monthly dosing (IM).
Cutie the bomb, met her at a beauty salon
With a baby Louis Vuitton under her underarm
She said "I can tell you rock, I can tell by your charm"
What is Gold Digger (by Kanye West and Jamie Foxx)?
This is the second dose for an amiodarone bolus during ACLS.
What is 150 mg?
The initial bolus dose is 300 mg.
This well-validated ICU delirium scoring tool provides a way to objectively measure and track delirium in an ICU setting.
What is CAM-ICU (Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit)?

The Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) is another 8-item screening tool used to detect and monitor delirium in critically ill patients.
In outcome trials the composite kidney benefit of this class is driven predominantly by reduction in this single urinary parameter, rather than by slowing of creatinine doubling or kidney failure.
What is albuminuria (macroalbuminuria/new-onset severely increased albuminuria)?
In the 8-trial meta-analysis (60,080 patients) GLP-1 RAs reduced a composite kidney outcome by ~21%, largely via albuminuria; MACE fell 14% and all-cause mortality 12%. The dedicated FLOW trial later confirmed a primary kidney benefit for semaglutide. Effects appear partly glucose-independent — endothelial function, reduced RAAS activation, lower BP (Sattar et al., Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2021; Rosen & Ingelfinger, NEJM, 2026)
A CrCl below this level is a contraindication to acamprosate use.
What is 30?
Honey came in and she caught me red-handed
Creepin' with the girl next door
What is It Wasn't Me (by Shaggy and Rik Rok)?