Column 1
What substance is responsible for the intoxicating effects of beer, wine, and liquor?
Ethanol
What addictive substance found in tobacco products can increase heart rate and create dependence?
Nicotine
What medication can rapidly reverse an opioid overdose and restore breathing?
Naloxone
What term describes the intense desire or urge to use a substance?
Craving
What type of drug increases activity in the central nervous system and can increase alertness, energy, and heart rate?
Stimulant
What type of drug slows activity in the central nervous system and can impair coordination and breathing?
Depressant
What area of the brain is responsible for important functions such as judgment, planning, and impulse control?
Prefrontal cortex
What category of substances can significantly alter perception, mood, and sensory experiences?
Hallucinogens
What is a situation, emotion, person, or environment that can increase someone's urge to use a substance?
Trigger
What type of influence occurs when someone feels pressured to use a substance because their friends or social group are using it?
Peer pressure
What is the term for needing more of a substance over time to experience the same effect?
Tolerance
What are the physical or psychological symptoms that can occur when someone stops using a substance after developing physical dependence?
Withdrawal
What term describes using more than one substance, either at the same time or within a similar period?
Polysubstance use
What term describes using a substance as a way of attempting to cope with anxiety, depression, stress, or other emotional problems?
Self-medication
What term describes a person's physical adaptation to a substance that can cause symptoms when the substance is stopped?
Physical dependence
What brain chemical is strongly involved in the reward system that reinforces behaviors, including substance use?
Dopamine
What inherited biological factor can increase a person's vulnerability to developing a substance use disorder?
Genetic predisposition
What evidence-based therapy helps people identify and change unhealthy thoughts and behaviors related to substance use?
Cognitive behavioral therapy
What process may involve medical supervision and management of withdrawal when someone stops using a substance?
Detoxification
What term describes a person's confidence in their ability to successfully change a behavior?
Self-efficacy
Why can returning to a previously used amount of an opioid after a period of abstinence increase overdose risk?
Loss of tolerance
What condition is characterized by problematic substance use that causes significant impairment or distress in a person's life?
Substance use disorder
What approach focuses on reducing the negative health consequences associated with substance use?
Harm reduction
What term describes returning to substance use after a period of stopping or significantly reducing use?
Relapse
What opioid is commonly prescribed for pain but can also lead to dependence and overdose?
Oxycodone