membrane & cell transport
A few amino acids added by a ribosome to the end or begging of a protein that tells it where it needs to go.
What is a Sorting Signal?
This is found in plant cell walls.
This type of signal skips the first step of the general cell signaling pathway.
What are Lipid Soluble signals.
This is the full chemical formula for cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
(Must indicate which direction is which for full points.)
What is C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O
These are the product of mitosis.
What are identical daughter cells?
The cytoskeletal filament that vesicles travel on like roads.
(must describe how they do this for full points.)
What are microtubules?
protein holds vesicle and walks along microtubule from - to +.
These make up the ECM between cells.
What are Integrins, Collagen, Laminin, and Proteoglycans.
This is how a steroid signaling pathway works.
(Must draw signaling pathway on board for full points.)
1. Signal reception
2. Signal processing
3. amplification
4. response
5. turn off
These processes are where NADH and FADH2 are produced during cellular respiration.
What are Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?
Where microtubules grow out from and then connect to kinetochores.
What is the centrosome?
This experiment showed the path of a protein through a cell.
(must describe full path of protein transport found from this experiment for full points.)
What is the Pulse-Chase experiment?
Ribosome --> rough ER --> golgi --> vesicle
This cell-cell interaction forms a water tight seal and can be found in the skin.
What are tight junctions?
This is the G-protein coupled receptor pathway.
(Must correctly draw pathway on board for full points.)
When GDP is there, it in the OFF state.
When GTP is there, it is in the ON state.
Adding on a phosphate makes GDP → GTP
1. Signal interacts w “G protein coupled receptor”
2. When signal binds, G protein binds GTP and splits
3. Activated G protein binds to enzyme, producing a second messenger
Where the light reactions of photosynthesis occur in the chloroplast.
(Must be specific for full points.)
What occurs across the thylakoid membranes?
The cytoskeletal filament involved in Telophase of mitosis, making the cleavage furrow.
What is Actin. (pinches between the two cells)
An example of this would be the generation of ATP by the movement of H+ across a membrane during cellular respiration or photosynthesis.
What is Chemiosmosis?
This is a cell-ECM-cell interaction, and are made of cadherin proteins.
(Include an example of where these can be found for full points.)
What are desmosomes?
This type of cell signaling produces the 'smallest' response in comparison to the others we have learned about.
What is Enzyme linked?
(must be specific for full points.)
In Photosystem 2, H2O is broken into what to donate an electron?
All of the steps of mitosis.
(Must draw on board for full points)
What are Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, and Cytokinesis
This pump is the most commonly used example for active transport, where both molecules are pumped in the opposite direction of their concentration gradient.
What is the Sodium-Potassium pump?
This cell-cell interaction is only found in animals, because it can't exist if cell walls are present.
(Include an example of where these could be found for full points.)
What are Gap Junctions?
This cell signaling pathway results in a phosphorylation cascade.
(Must correctly draw pathway on board for full points.)
What is an enzyme linked pathway?
This only occurs in Fermentation in order to keep the process going.
(must include when fermentation occurs, where, and what the products and reactants are.)
When is NADH is oxidized to NAD+ causing the formation of lactic acid in the cytoplasm?
______ makes spindle fibers that attach to the _____ on the chromosomes, and the ________ is the organelle that the spindle fibers are made from.
What are centrioles, centromere, and centrosome?