Models of the Atom
Who coined the term "atom"?
Democritus
What is the full electron configuration of Nitrogen?
1s2 2s2 2p3
Elements of Group 1 are called?
Alkali Metals
What has the smaller atomic radius: Lithium or Fluorine?
Fluorine
the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom
Who created the Plum Pudding Model of the atom?
List three physical properties of metal.
shiny, malleable, ductile, conduct heat and electricity, high melting and boiling points
What is the full electron configuration of Zinc?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10
Elements of Group 18 are called?
Noble Gases
What has the larger atomic radius: Lithium or Francium? WHY?
Francium - it has more e- shells
Who has a smaller Ionization Energy? Cesium or Barium
Cesium
Who discovered the electron? What experiment did he do to discover the electron?
Thomson - cathode ray experiment
List three physical properties of nonmetals.
not shiny, brittle, poor conductors of electricity or heat, usually exists as gases
What is the abbreviated electron configuration of Yttrium (Y)?
[Kr]5s24d1
Elements of Group 17 are called?
Halogens
Three isotopes of Silicon occur in nature. Calculate the average atomic mass:
Silicon-28: 92.23% 27.97693 amu
Silicon-29: 4.68% 28.97649 amu
Silicon-30: 3.09% 29.97377 amu
28.08541176
F
Who discovered the dense nucleus of the atom? What experiment did he do to discover the nucleus?
Rutherford - Gold Foil Experiment
What are the chemical properties of metals?
Tend to lose electrons during chemical changes. Always have 4 or fewer valance electrons
What is the abbreviated electron configuration for Radium (Ra)?
[Rn] 7s2
Elements of Group 2 are called?
Alkaline Earth Metals
There are three isotopes of silicon. They have mass numbers of 28, 29 and 30. The average atomic mass of silicon is 28.086amu. What does this say about the relative abundances of the three isotopes?
Silicon-28 occurs more often naturally than the other isotopes
What has a higher electronegativity: C or Si?
C
How did Schrodinger change how we previously imagined the structure of the atom (Bohr-Rutherford model)?
He proposed that electrons exist in regions of space, not precise orbitals
What are the chemical properties of nonmetals?
They gain electrons during chemical reactions. They always have 5 or more valence electrons.
What is the abbreviated electron configuration of Tungsten (W)?
[Xe] 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴
Why are columns on the Periodic Table called chemical families?
because they share similar properties due to having the same number of valence electrons.
Naturally occurring europium (Eu) consists of two isotopes. One isotope abundance is 51.5% and Eu-153 occurs 48.5%. If the average atomic mass of Europium is 151.97 amu, what is the atomic mass of the first isotope?
151 amu
How does atomic radius affect reactivity?
The smaller atomic radius of an element, the less reactive it is. The larger the atomic radius of an element, the more reactive it is. (Both trends increase down and to the left)