Key Terms
One or more of your five senses to gather information.
Rocks
Igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. Igneous rocks come from volcanoes.
Explain the hydrological cycle.
Water takes up 75% of the Earth while only 3% is fresh water, sun provides energy for the cycle, All organisms need water to survive, may change from a solid to a liquid to a gas
How are elements organized?
Atomic number= protons, organized by their atomic number, full outer shell= stable, 118 known elements
Explain the cell theory.
All organisms have cells
Walls protect cells
Only plants have chloroplasts
Every cell comes from a pre-existing cell
What is inferring?
Explaining things you observe.
Difference between qualitative and quantitative data
Qualitative= Descriptions
Quantitaive= numbers
Explain the layers of the atmosphere.
Troposphere- 0-12 km
Stratosphere- 12- 50 km
Mesosphere- 50- 80 km
Thermosphere- 80 km and above with no outer limit
What is matter made up of? 6th grade
When put into motion, objects will gather kinetic energy
matter is made up of atoms
positive, negative, and neutral charges,
Objects in motion have kinetic energy
Energy and matter continuously flow from one organism to another organism and their physical environments. Explain.
The sun is the source of energy
lowest level= producers
food webs/ food chains
primary/ secondary producers
What is predicting?
A forecast based on experience and evidence.
Why should one study science or at least think like a scientist?
Personal care, diet, exercise, and daily events.
Explain the history of the surface of the Earth.
Plate tectonics was put together long ago. The plates are slowly breaking apart.
Energy can be transferred in a variety of ways. Explain
The sun has radiant energy
wind: Mechanical or electrical energy
Kinetic energy
Eletric energy
Survival and growth of organisms and populations within an environment depend on biotic and abiotic factors. Explain.
Biotic= food sources= predators
changes affect organisms
Climate change = recent concern
Caps melt = less area for polar bears
What is a hypothesis?
Explanation or an answer to a scientific question. It must be testable.
What is technology and what is the goal of technology?
Goals, inputs, processes, outputs, and feedback
Movement of the sun, earth, and moon.
Moon revolves around the earth and the earth moves around the sun, summer solstice- June 21st - longest daylight hours, winter solstice- fewest daylight hours, the difference between 2 high tides is 12 and a half hours.
Energy can be transformed or transferred but never lost. Explain.
Matter can change form through physical/chemical changes
Matter exists before and after the change- none is created or destroyed
Chemical reactions- rearrangement of atoms
Energy can be changed from one form to another, but it can't be created or destroyed.
How objects can experience or respond to a force due to external influence, such as magnetism, electrostatic, or gravitational fields.
North and south fields
Elastic
Gravity
What is scientific literacy?
Identify good information, evaluate for accuracy, and apply knowledge to questions.
How could scientific thinking help you evaluate advertised claims for a product that promises improved athletic abilities?
Should have quanitative data, open-mindedness, skepticism, and always be analytical/aware of potential biases
Explain how the sun affects currents of water in the ocean and currents of air in the atmosphere.
Sun is the primary energy, warm air is less dence then cold, chaining the density, constantly moving from the equator towards the poles.
Explain how matter can be separated or changed, but the number and types of atoms remain constant.
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
can change through physical and chemical changes
Matter- none is created or destroyed- Law of Conservation of Mass
Chemical reactions- rearrangement of atoms
Explain how species can continue to thrive, and others become extinct.
Extinct- Habitat destruction, overhunting, invasive species, specialized needs
Thrive- High genetic diversity, rapid reproduction, effective defenses, broad dietary needs