Astronomy
What type of astronomical term describes an area where gravity is so strong that no light escapes?
Black hole
Where do the magnetic fields of any magnet pull the strongest?
At the poles of the magnet
Name 2 substances that are good electrical insulators.
Rubber, plastic, wood, air, paper, etc.
Compared to sound waves, how are electromagnetic waves different?
Can travel through a vacuum (do not require a medium to travel, unlike sound and other physical waves like water waves).
Which clear structure is often called "the window to the eye" and is the first place light enters the eye?
Cornea
What part of a flower makes pollen?
The ANTHER makes pollen, and is part of the stamen (along with the filament)
Approximately how long is a complete moon cycle?
One month (avg. 29.5 days)
Sprinkling iron filings over a bar magnet covered with paper will reveal what property of the magnet?
Magnetic field (is 3-D, but can see in 2-D in this way)
Name 2 conductors of electricity.
Metals, wire, water (with dissolved minerals in it), human body, etc.
What color do we see when all the colors of visible light are mixed together?
We see WHITE light
The lining of the interior eye at the back contains special sensory organs that capture light. What is the name of this important, very thin layer?
Retina--contains rods and cones which are specialized neurons that capture color and light/dark impulses
What part of a flower will become a fruit or pod?
Ovary
All stars begin their life cycle in what stage/location?
A nebula where gas and dust from leftover stars come together under gravity
What is one way to increase the strength of an electromagnet?
1) add more coils around the iron core 2) increase the electric current
Give an example of static electricity.
Lightning, socks sticking together in dryer, charged balloon sticking to wall, "shocking" someone, etc.
What color do we see when mixing red, green, blue, yellow, orange, and purple pigments together?
We would see dark brown or blacking colors when mixing many colors of pigment
Which structure of the eye can get larger or smaller to control the amount of light?
Iris--muscle that controls size of pupil;
Pupil--hole in iris that allows light to come through the lens
What is the name for the female reproductive flower part? This includes the ovary, ovule, stigma, and style.
Pistil (or Carpal)
What celestrial body will our sun become at the end of its life cycle?
White dwarf
What is true about the domains of material that has been magnetized?
The domains of a magnetized material are oriented in the same direction, instead of randomly arranged
Electricity is caused by movement of what particles through a wire?
electrons (DO NOT ACCEPT atoms)
Which EM wave has the highest frequency and the shortest wavelength?
Gamma rays
What is the name of the jelly-like substance that helps the eye keep its shape?
Vitreous humor
Plants reproduce by combining chromosomes from two different parent plants. This type of reproduction is called _________.
Sexual reproduction
Approximately how old is our Sun?
4-5 billion years old (will last another 5-6 billion years)
A compass needle will move in the presence of a magnet. Will it move if placed next to a current-carrying wire?
Yes, the compass needle will move because the current generates a magnetic field.
Why can electrons be easily removed from an atom?
They are located outside the atom's nucleus
At what speed do all EM waves travel?
At the speed of light (in a vacuum) = 300,000,000 meters/second
What type of EM spectrum can humans "see"?
Visible light (ROYGBIV)
When you eat an apple, what part of the flower are you eating?
Ovary (also accept ovule, which is where seeds develop)
What is the relationship between a star's size and how long it lives?
Smaller mass stars live the longest
A coil of wire around an iron core is not yet an electromagnet. What is missing?
Connection to a battery or current is needed to activate the magnetic field
When do atoms have NO ELECTRIC CHARGE OVERALL?
When the number of protons (+) equals the number of electrons (-)
Radio waves are a type of EM wave. Compared to other EM waves, describe the radio wavelength and frequency.
Longest wavelength, shortest frequency of all EM waves
What is the part of the eye that helps focus the light? This can be replaced during cataract surgery.
Lens
Name at least 2 ways sperm can be transferred to another flower.
Wind, animals, or gravity can move pollen from one flower to the sticky stigma of another.
Name one piece of evidence to support the Big Bang Theory.
Existence of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation; Galaxies are all moving away from each other (red shift); and everywhere we look in the universe we see same % of elements in all directions
What is the main difference between something that can be magnetized or not?
In some metals, the DOMAINS located around atoms can be oriented in the same direction, making it magnetic. Most materials can not do this, so cannot be magnetized.
Explain how a parallel circuit is different than a series circuit.
Series--all in a circle, when one stops working, all in circuit won't work
Parallel--A "ladder-like" arrangement; other electrical things will still work even when one fails in circuit
What type of EM wave is used to shrink cancerous tumors?
Gamma radiation
If someone in a car wreck severs the optic nerve of their eye, what effect would this have on their vision in that eye?
They would be blind in that eye because info sent from the eye does not travel to the brain if the optic nerve is severed.
How does the sperm of a flower combine with the ovule in the ovary?
1. Pollination transfers pollen onto stigma.
2. Fertilization happens after pollen tube grows down through the pistil and sperm from pollen meets egg in ovule.