Cells and Life
"All living things are made of cells", according to?
Cell Theory
Long strands of DNA inside a cell are organized into one or more of these individual structures.
What are chromosomes?
This organelle functions as the "powerhouse of the cell" by producing ATP.
What is the mitochondrion?
Photosynthesis uses enerygy from the sun to turn carbon dioxide and water into this specific sugar molecule.
What is glucose?
This is the primary structural feature that eukaryotic cells possess but prokaryotic cells lack.
What is a nucleus?
This English scientist from the 1600's studied cork through a microscope and made the discovery of cells.
Who is Robert Hooke?
This term refers to the inside of a cell, including the organelles and their jellylike surrounding fluid.
What is cytoplasm?
These tiny structures, found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, have the job of assembling proteins.
What are ribosomes?
This green pigment is responsible for absorbing energy from sunlight to power photosynthesis.
What is chlorophyll?
What is the cell membrane?
All prokaryotes (are or have)...
Unicellular
This specific type of endoplasmic reticulum gets its name because it has protein-producing ribosomes attached to its surface.
What is endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
Osmosis and diffusion are grouped together under this specific type of transport because they require zero work or energy from the cell.
What is passive transport?
While only plants can do photosynthesis, both plants and animals must perform this process to break down molecules for energy.
What is cellular respiration?
From an evolutionary viewpoint, this general cell type is believed to have evolved first.
What is a prokaryotic cell?
This term describes cell theory as a scientific framework that can be changed or replaced as new data is discovered.
What is a Scientific Model?
This additional, rigid protective boundary is found around bacteria, algae, fungi, and plant cells, but not animal cells.
What is a cell wall?
This process describes the movement of water across a membrane, which causes a cell to shrivel when placed in a salt soulution.
What is osmosis?
When yeast breaks down sugar in bread dough, it gives off this waste gas, causing the bread to rise.
What is carbon dioxide?
Cells that have a nuclei.
What are eukaryotic?
This structural level of organization is defined as a group of different tissues working together to perform a specific job.
What is an Organ?
Unlike rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), smooth ER lacks ribosomes and has the primary job of making these molecules for the cell membrane.
What are fat molecules (or lipids)?
When a molecule is too large for passive or active transport, the cell membrane forms a pocket to engulf it into this structure.
What is a vesicle?
Cells that completely lack access to oxygen can still produce ATP by utilizing this specific metabolic pathway.
What is fermentation?
The slimy, outermost structure layer surrounds and protects some prokaryotic bacteria from harm.
What is a capsule?