Hydrocarbons
These are the two elements found in all hydrocarbons
Carbon and Hydrogen
This hydrocarbon has the formula CH₄.
Methane
These substances are found on the left-hand side of a chemical equation.
Reactants
A large molecule made from many repeating smaller units is called this.
Polymer
This type of bonding involves the transfer of electrons.
Ionic bonding
A compound containing only carbon and hydrogen is called this.
A hydrocarbon
This hydrocarbon has the formula C₄H₁₀.
Butane
These substances are found on the right-hand side of a chemical equation.
Products
Many synthetic plastics are made using chemicals originally obtained from this fossil fuel.
Crude oil / Petroleum
This type of bonding involves atoms sharing electrons.
Covalent bonding
Which of these is a hydrocarbon: C₃H₈, C₂H₆O, CO₂, CH₃OH?
C₃H₈
This compound is named CH₃–CH₂–CH₂–OH.
Propan-1-ol
Fill in the missing coefficient: 2H₂ + O₂ → ___H₂O
2H₂ + O₂ → _2_H₂O
The small molecules that join together to form a polymer are called these.
Monomers
This type of bonding is found in metals and involves freely moving electrons.
Metallic bonding
An alkane contains 5 carbon atoms. Its molecular formula is this.
C₅H₁₂, pentane
This is the name of CH₃–CH(OH)–CH₂–CH₃.
Butan-2-ol
Balance this equation: Mg + HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂
A plastic that can be broken down naturally by microorganisms is described using this term.
Biodegradable
A positively charged ion is called this, while a negatively charged ion is called this.
Cations and Anions
Explain how you can tell from its formula that C₆H₁₄ is an alkane.
It follows the alkane pattern CₙH₂ₙ₊₂.
A five-carbon alcohol has its –OH group attached to carbon 2. Give its correct name.
Pentan-2-ol
Balance this equation: Al + HCl → AlCl₃ + H₂
2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂
Explain one reason why non-biodegradable plastics can cause environmental problems.
They persist for long periods and can accumulate in ecosystems / harm organisms / form microplastics.
Sodium loses one electron and chlorine gains one electron. What type of bond forms between them, and what ions are produced?
An ionic bond; Na⁺ and Cl⁻.