Seismograph
What is a smaller earthquake that occurs after a larger earthquake called?
Aftershock
What are lines on a map that connect points of equal elevation called?
Contour Lines
What is a fracture in the Earth's crust where rocks on either side move past each other called?
Fault
What term refers to the distance east or west of the prime meridian?
Longitude
What type of seismic waves move in a push-pull motion and can travel through solids, liquids, and gases?
P Waves
What term refers to the height of an object or landform above sea level?
Altitude
What is the central part of the Earth, made mostly of iron and nickel?
Core
What is a large mass of ice that moves slowly over land called?
Glacier
What is the underground reservoir of molten rock beneath a volcano called?
Magma Chamber
What was the supercontinent that existed about 300 million years ago and included all of Earth's landmasses?
Pangea
What is a large volcanic crater, typically formed by the collapse of a volcano's summit?
Caldera
What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?
Crust
What is the term for the total amount of water on Earth, including oceans, lakes, rivers, and groundwater?
Hydrosphere
What term refers to the size or energy released by an earthquake?
Magnitude
What are flat, elevated areas of land called?
Plateaus
What is the term for the part of the Earth where life exists, including plants, animals, and humans?
Biosphere
What is the height of a landform above sea level called?
Elevation
What term refers to the distance north or south of the equator?
Latitude
What layer of the Earth is located beneath the crust?
Mantle
What is the line of 0 degrees longitude called?
Prime Meridian
What type of volcano is a combination of both explosive and non-explosive eruptions, often having a cone shape?
Composite Volcano
What is a volcano that is no longer active and unlikely to erupt in the future called?
Extinct Volcano
What is the rigid outer part of the Earth, including the crust and upper mantle, called?
Lithosphere
What type of fault occurs when rocks on one side of the fault move up and over the rocks on the other side?
Normal Fault
What type of map shows the physical features of an area, such as mountains and valleys?
Relief Map