Scientific Method Randoms
Before writing a hypothesis, I need to ask a _________ question.
Testable!
**Conduct a science experiment
A- Asking questions and defining problems
B- Planning and carrying out investigations
C- Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
D- Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
E- Developing and using models
F- Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
B- Planning and carrying out investigations
Things in your experiment that you can change or measure.
Variables
Identify the control.
Smithers thinks that a special juice will increase the productivity of workers. He creates two groups of 50 workers each and assigns each group the same task (in this case, they're supposed to staple a set of papers). Group A is given the special juice to drink while they work. Group B is not given the special juice. After an hour, Smithers counts how many stacks of papers each group has made. Group A made 1,587 stacks, Group B made 2,113 stacks.
The group not given the special juice to drink.
A smaller version of the thing you want to build.
Model or Replica
True/False
There will only be 1 constant in an experiment.
False!
There will normally be multiple.
This is the variable in the experiment that is measureable and is the "effect."
Dependent variable
**develop a hypothesis
A- Asking questions and defining problems
B- Planning and carrying out investigations
C- Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
D- Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
E- Developing and using models
F- Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
A- Asking questions and defining problems
The variable that never changes and stays the same.
Constants
Identify the independent variable.
Homer notices that his shower is covered in a strange green slime. His friend Barney tells him that coconut juice will get rid of the green slime. Homer decides to check this out by spraying half of the shower with coconut juice. He sprays the other half of the shower with water. After 3 days of "treatment" there is no change in the appearance of the green slime on either side of the shower.
The liquid he sprays on the slime.
True/False
Scientists should always have others check their work-Unless their work has plenty of evidence and data.
False!
They should always have someone else check their data!
Using your five senses to view the world around you and ask questions.
What is "Observation"?
"If/Then"
**use data to evaluate and refine solutions
A- Asking questions and defining problems
B- Planning and carrying out investigations
C- Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
D- Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
E- Developing and using models
F- Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
C- Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
The variable that is changed or compared to get the result. (I change!)
Independent variable
Identify the dependent variable.
Bart believes that mice exposed to microwaves will become extra strong (maybe he's been reading too much Radioactive Man). He decides to perform this experiment by placing 10 mice in a microwave for 10 seconds. He compared these 10 mice to another 10 mice that had not been exposed. His test consisted of a heavy block of wood that blocked the mouse food. He found that 8 out of 10 of the microwaved mice were able to push the block away. 7 out of 10 of the non-microwaved mice were able to do the same.
The amount of mice that could push the block away.
What type of graph is used to show change over time?
Line graph
What are the 5 senses we use to observe the world around us?
Taste, sight, touch, smell, hearing
Create a hypothesis for this scenario:
How does the height of an inclined plane affect the distance a toy car travels?
If I increase/decrease the height of the inclined plane, then the toy car will travel a farther/shorter distance.
**Compare multiple solutions to problems
A- Asking questions and defining problems
B- Planning and carrying out investigations
C- Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
D- Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
E- Developing and using models
F- Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
D- Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
"How does wing shape affect the distance a plane goes?"
In this example the distance the plane goes is the ____________ variable
Dependent variable
Identify the independent variable.
Krusty was told that a certain itching powder was the newest best thing on the market, it even claims to cause 50% longer lasting itches. Interested in this product, he buys the itching powder and compares it to his usual product. One test subject (A) is sprinkled with the original itching powder, and another test subject (B) was sprinkled with the Experimental itching powder. Subject A reported having itches for 30 minutes. Subject B reported to have itches for 45 minutes.
The type of itching powder.
Scientists need to use data and evidence to identify...
(hint: synonym for trends)
Patterns
__________ are a list of needs or requirements that the solution must be designed to meet.
Criteria
Create a hypothesis for this scenario:
Does the amount of water a plant receives daily affect its growth?
If I add more water, then the plant growth will increase.
**Read and comprehend a scientific text
**Identify the limitations of models
A- Asking questions and defining problems
B- Planning and carrying out investigations
C- Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
D- Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
E- Developing and using models
F- Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
F- Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
E- Developing and using models
Trevor wanted to find out what fertilizer worked best for growing marigolds. He put Miracle Grow on one, Scotts fertilizer on one, and no fertilizer on another.
Name the constants, the independent, and dependent variables.
Constants: marigolds, dirt, pots, light, and water
Independent Variable: type of fertilizer
Dependent Variable: marigold growth
Identify the constant(s).
Katiana wanted to figure out what type of liquid worked best for growing beans. She watered one with coca-cola, one with lemonade, and one with just water. After one week, she measured how high they had grown.
The type of bean, the amount of liquid, the pot, the soil, and the amount of sunlight.
If my data and conclusion does not line up or make sense, what step do I need to revisit?
Hypothesis
__________ are things that limit possible solutions.
Constraints