SciRev
This theory claimed that Earth was at the center of the universe.
What is the Geocentric Theory?
This scientist developed the laws of motion and gravity and helped invent calculus.
Who is Isaac Newton?
This philosopher believed people were born with natural rights to life, liberty, and property.
Who is John Locke
In this system, a monarch remains head of state, but their power is limited by a constitution or other document.
What is a Constitutional Monarchy?
French word meaning "philosopher" that was used for intellectuals during the Enlightenment.
What is Philosophe?
This theory placed the Sun at the center of the solar system.
What is the Heliocentric Theory?
This thinker is commonly credited with developing the Scientific Method.
Who is Sir Francis Bacon?
This philosopher argued that government power should be divided among branches that could check one another.
Who is Baron de Montesquieu?
This Prussian ruler expanded education, ended torture with exceptions, and granted limited freedom of speech while maintaining his own power.
Who is Frederick the Great?
These informal social gatherings, often hosted by women, brought together writers, artists, and Enlightenment thinkers to exchange ideas.
What are Salons?
This five step process uses observation, a hypothesis, testing, data analysis, and a conclusion to investigate questions.
What is the Scientific Method
This French philosophe edited the famous Encyclopédie, a massive collection of knowledge intended to spread Enlightenment ideas.
Who is Dennis Dierdot
This philosopher believed in the social contract: government should be based on an agreement between the people and their government.
Who is Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
This form of government occurred when monarchs adopted some Enlightenment ideas while maintaining their absolute power.
What is Enlightened Absolutism?
This growing middle class included merchants, industrialists, and professionals.
Bourgeoise
This German astronomer discovered that planets moved in elliptical, or oval-shaped, orbits rather than perfect circles. Helping prove the Heliocentric theory
Who is Johannes Kepler
This scientist dissected human bodies and published detailed drawings that challenged Galen's ideas about anatomy.
Who is Andreas Vesalius?
This early feminist argued that women should have equal educational opportunities and challenged the idea of male superiority. (suffrage)
Who is Mary Wollstonecraft?
This Russian ruler wrote the Nakaz a reform-minded document that opposed the death penalty, and created a school for girls, but ultimately made few major reforms.
Who is Catherine the Great?
This school of thought emphasized observation, experimentation, and mathematical reasoning as sources of scientific knowledge.
What is Scientific Rationalism?
This school of thought replaced ancient wisdom and church teachings with observation, experimentation, and mathematical reasoning as sources of scientific truth.
What is Scientific Rationalism?
This philosopher's famous saying, “I think, therefore I am,” was used to argue that his ability to think proved his existence.
Who is René Descartes?
This Italian philosopher argued for reforming the justice system, including protecting the rights of the accused and opposing cruel punishments.
Who is Cesare Beccaria?
This Austrian ruler ended serfdom, abolished the death penalty, ended censorship, and limited Catholic Church power, angering many groups.
Who is Jospeh II
One approach begins with observations and develops a theory, while the other begins with a hypothesis and gathers evidence to test it.
What are the Inductive and Deductive Approaches?