Big Bang, Stars, EM Waves
Structure and History of the Atom (includes Electron Configuration)
Classifying Matter, Physical and Chemical Changes, Naming and Formulas
Bonding and polarity
Nuclear Chemistry and Radioactive Decay
100

What determines which life cycle a star will follow?

mass of the star

100

How many electrons can the p subshell hold?

6 electrons
100

Shredding a paper is an example of this

what is a physical change

100

What does the octet rule mean?

All atoms want to have a full valence electrons shell. 8 valence electrons (except H and He which want 2)

100

What two particles make up the nucleus? What charge does the nucleus have?

protons and neutrons, positive charge

200

What type of nuclear reaction is happening in stars?

nuclear fusion 

200

If an isotope of Chlorine (atomic number 17) has a mass of 36, how many neutrons does it have? If it has a charge of -1 how many electrons does it have?

19 neutrons, 18 electrons

200
What do elements Carbon and Silicon have in common?

Same number of valence electrons

200

How many valence electrons does Potassium have? Will it be a cation or anion in a reaction?

1 valence electron, cation

200
How do nuclei stay together if the positively charged protons are repelling each other?

The Strong force overcomes the electrostatic force pushing protons apart.

300

When we say that we see a redshift when looking at the waves coming from a nearby galaxy, what does that mean?

The galaxy is moving away from us

300

What is the full electron configuration for Oxygen? (atomic number 8)

1s2 2s2 2p4

300

What is an example of a heterogenous mixture?

Chocolate chip cookie dough, sand (if you zoom in), dirt

300

Which of the following has polar bonds? Which is a polar molecule?

CO2

H2

PF3

PF3 polar molecule and bonds

CO2 polar bonds, but nonpolar molecule

300

What two things can happen to stabilize a nucleus if it is too large?

alpha decay 

fission

400

What is the heaviest element a star can make through fusion? Where do the heavier elements come from?

Iron (Fe). The heavier elements come from supernovae 

400

What was Neils Bohr's contribution to the structure of the atom? 

Electrons are arranged in orbits around the nucleus. The location of the orbit determines the energy level of the electrons. 

400

How would you name this molecule?

CCl4

Carbon Tetrachloride

400

What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds? 


Electrons are transferred in ionic bonds and shared in covalent bonds.

400

Pu-238 decays by alpha and gamma decay. What is the daughter product?

U-234

500

Certain chemicals will emit different colors of light when heated with a bunsen burner flame. Why does this happen? 

Spectra of atoms. Heat energy is absorbed, electrons get excited and move up energy levels. When they return to ground state, they release energy as light.

500

Write the full and shorthand electron configuration for Cesium. (atomic number 55)

Full: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s1

Shorthand: [Xe] 6s1

500

How would you write the formula for the following compound?

Strontium Nitride

Sr3N2

500

Why is CO2 a different shape than H2O? How does this affect its polarity? 

Lone pairs take up space, causing H2O to bend. Because the electronegative oxygen is at one end, and hydrogens are at the other, H2O is polar. CO2 is linear, so the polarity of the bonds cancels out, making it a non-polar molecule
500

Tritium (H-3) decays by emitting a beta particle. What is the daughter product, and why does this happen?

He-3. Because H-3 had too many neutrons to be stable.

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