Evolution
Cell Division
Genetics
DNA to Protein
Biotechnology
100
Why were birds with larger beaks more common on the Galapagos islands after the drought of 1977?
They were the only ones who could eat the only food source left on the island (large seeds)
100
What cells are considered gametes and how many chromosomes do they have?
Sperm and egg cells; 23 gametes
100
Describe the difference between genotype and phenotype
Genotype- genes
Phenotype- physical appearance
100
What are the complimentary base pairs of DNA?
Adenine-thymine
Guanine-cytosine
100
What is recombinant DNA?
DNA from two organisms combined
200
A bat wing and a human arm are said to be
homologous structures
200
What is the longest stage of the cell cycle?
Interphase
200
Compare the terms trait and allele by giving an example of each
Trait- hair color, eye color, height
Allele- brunette vs blonde, blue vs brown, tall vs short
200
What is the three letter sequence on mRNA that codes for an amino acid?
Codon
200
What is a transgenic organism?
Contains DNA from two organisms
300
What is it called when many related species come from a single ancestral species?
Adaptive radiation or divergent evolution
300
Why is crossing over important?
Creates genetic variation within a species
300
What is Gregor Mendel often called?
The father of genetics
300
What enzyme is shown in this picture and what bonds is it breaking? 
Helicase; hydrogen
300
Technique used to separate DNA fragments by charge and length
Gel electrophoresis
400
What three things are needed for a population to evolve?
1. High population
2. Struggle for survival
3. Genetic variation
400
Draw Metaphase and Anaphase of mitosis.
400
Black fur (B) is dominant to grey fur (b). A heterozygous mother is crossed with a heterozygous father.
What are the genotypes and the ratios of their offspring?
1/4 BB
1/2 Bb
1/4 bb
400
Create a T chart showing the main differences between DNA and RNA
DNA: deoxyribose, thymine, double stranded
RNA: ribose, uracil, single stranded
400
Where do restriction enzymes cut DNA?
At specific nucleotide (base) sequences
500
What is the difference between convergent evolution and coevolution.
Convergent evolution: species develop similar traits because of similar environments
Coevolution: species evolve in response to each other
500
What are the stages of mitosis in order?
1. Prophase
2. Metaphase
3. Anaphase
4. Telophase
500
Following the rules of codominance:
B= black
W= white
What phenotype would be seen with each genotype (BB, BW, WW)?
BB= black
BW= black and white
WW= white
500
What form of RNA carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosome?
mRNA
500
What do we call the agent (biological or mechanical) that carries DNA from one cell to another
Vector