Chapter 11 & 12
The 2 main gases the Earth's atmosphere is composed of are
Oxygen and Nitrogen
Lines of equal temperature are called...
Isotherms
Due to the amount of water covering the Earth, what is another name Earth is known as?
The “blue” planet
Chains of underwater mountains that run throughout the ocean basins are called...
Mid-ocean ridges (underwater mountains)
Layer of gas formed by the addition of a 3rd oxygen atom to a normal oxygen molecule is called
Ozone
What is the transfer of energy that occurs when molecules collide (have to come in contact with each other) called?
Conduction
What are the 2 sources Earth’s water originated from?
Volcanoes
Meteorites
What are the 2 sources of salt in the ocean?
Volcanoes
Weathered pieces of crustal rock
The layers of the atmosphere in order are
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exoshpere
What are isobars?
Lines of equal pressure
Tides are caused by the gravitational attraction between which three objects?
The sun, moon, and Earth
List the structures included in the continental margin
Continental shelf
Continental slope
Continental rise
What is Meteorology?
The study of atmospheric phenomena
What is convection?
The transfer of energy by the flow of a heated substance
List the structures in the ocean basin.
Abyssal plains
Deep-sea trenches
Mid-ocean ridge
Hydrothermal vents
Describe hydrothermal vents
Holes in the seafloor through which fluid heated by magma erupts
What is the difference between weather and climate?
Weather is the current state of the atmosphere while
Climate is long-term variations in weather for a particular area
What are the names for a long-term forecasting method and a short-term forecasting method you learned?
Analog forecasts (long-term)
Digital forecasts (short-term)
Give descriptions of both abyssal plains and deep-sea trenches
Abyssal plains - smooth, flat part of the seafloor covered with fine-grained muddy sediments and sedimentary rocks
Deep-sea trenches - are elongated, arc-shaped depressions in the seafloor
Describe a cold front vs a warm front:
In a cold front cold air pushes warm air up while in a warm front warm air pushes cold air down and cross Earth
Describe both a stationary front and an occluded front
Stationary front - warm air and cold air have equal masses and stay stalled
Occluded front - 2 cold air masses push a warm air mass between them up