The release of this hormone results in sodium/water retention, vasoconstriction, and the loss of Potassium.
What is Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system!
100
The cardiovascular system has failed when a patient is dependent on these types of medication to maintain blood pressure despite adequate volume status
What is a vasopressor
100
Hgb should be kept between what range in shock patients?
What is 7-9%.
100
This is the presence of infection (probably or documented) together with systemic manifestations of infection
What is Sepsis
100
According to research presented in class, this is the first choice of vasopressor to give when a pt is in septic shock
What is Norepinephrine (levophed)
200
Respiratory Alkalosis during compensated shock is a result of?
What is Hyperventilation
200
This is a hematological complication of shock whereby all the clotting factors are used and results in excessive bleeding
What is DIC
200
Preload should be kept at between 8-12 with CVP monitoring. What two methods are used to assess preload responsiveness?
What is passive leg raise and stroke volume variation
200
This if the failure of the mitochondria
What is bioenergetic faliure
200
IV antibiotics should be given within how long of recognition of sever sepsis or septic shock
What is one hour
300
We perform lactate, base deficit, HCO3, and SVO2 to assess the effectiveness of this system?
What is Microcirculation?
300
Per Carlson, " When you loose the (blank), you loose the patient"
What is the gut
300
This intervention is a highly restricted practice with shock patients as it can decrease the ability to offload o2 to tissues and it is associated with increased nosocomial infections (Carlson bolded this in our notes)
What is blood transfusion
300
This is the most common source of sepsis in hospitalized patients
What is the lungs, likely from VAP
300
This is the target blood glucose of a patient in septic shock
What is <180 mg/dl
400
These are the three stages of shock
What is initial, compensated and progressive
400
ARDS is a complication of shock and results in a PaO2/Fi02 ratio less then what?
What is 300
400
Although colloids and crystalloids have both been used for Shock management, which one is preferred as it has minimal side effects
What is a crystalloid (Lactated Ringers, Normal Saline)
400
During this phase of septic shock, the vascular response to the primary biochemical mediators is primarily vasodilation and cardiac output increases singificantly
What is hyperdynamic phase
400
RBC transfusion should only be given when Hgb is less then....
What is 7g/L
500
This is the progressive physiologic failure of 2 or more separate organ systems
What is MODS (multiple organ dysfunction syndrome)
500
The failure of this part of the brain results in thermoregulatory failure?
What is the hypothalamus
500
The critical closing pressure of a patient under sympathetic stimulation
What is 60 mmHg
500
This lab determines the level of tissue hypoperfusion and Dr. Carlson swears by it
What is lactate levels
500
This is the goal for MAP in a patient with septic shock