Functions of the skeleton
This function gives the body its shape and allows us to stand upright
Support
What is the longest bone in the body?
Femur
What is a fibrous joint?
A type of joint that is immovable and found in the skull.
What is the type of joint that is found at the knee and elbow?
Hinge joint
Flexion _____ the angle at a joint
Decreases
This function works with muscles to produce ______
Movement
The bone commonly known as “shoulder blade”
Scapula
What is a cartilaginous joint?
This type of joint allows slight movement (e.g. between vertebrae).
This joint allows rotation and is found in the neck
Pivot joint
This movement increases the angle at a joint
Extension
The function of _____ vital organs — give one example.
Protection (e.g. skull protects brain)
Name the three bones that make up the arm (upper and lower).
humerus, radius, and ulna
What is a synovial joint andhow are they categorised?
This type of joint allows the greatest range of movement and is categorised by shape e.g. ball and socket, hinge, pivot, saddle, Condylar (Ellipsoidal), Gliding
Moving a limb away from the midline is ______
Abduction
This function involves _____ ______ essential for bone strength - name one.
Mineral storage (e.g. calcium or phosphorus)
Name the five sections of the vertebral column in order from top to bottom.
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx
What are ligaments and what do they do in the body?
Connective tissue connects bone to bone and stabilises joints.
Identify the joint type and movement occurring at the elbow during a bicep curl
Hinge joint and elbow flexion
What movement occurs at the knee when kicking a football
Extension
Explain how two functions of the skeletal system work together during physical activity.
The skeletal system provides support by giving the body structure and stability, allowing muscles to attach and the body to maintain posture. At the same time, it enables movement by acting as levers that muscles pull on at joints.
During physical activity (e.g. running or jumping), bones stay stable and aligned (support) while muscles contract to move those bones at joints (movement), allowing efficient and coordinated motion.
Identify the four types of bones AND give an example of ONE.
Eg. long, short, flat, irregular AND example eg. long = femur, humerus, tibia, radius, ulna. Short = carpals or tarsals. Flat = sternum, ribs, scapula, skull. Irregular = vertebrae, pelvis
Compare ligaments and tendons in terms of structure and function.
Ligaments attach bone to bone stabilising joints and tendons attach muscle to bone facilitating movement. Tendons are tough while ligaments are more flexible.
During a tennis serve, identify the joint, the joint type and one movement at the shoulder
The glenohumeral joint (humerus and scapula). Ball and socket. Circumduction/ abduction/flexion depending on the phase
Take off - knee extension and shoulder flexion
Landing - knee flexion and shoulder extension