Criminology and Its Causations
Why is criminology an interdisciplinary field?
It incorporates all other fields to reach the goal of studying crime and criminals.
Lombroso concluded that people are...?
"Born Criminals"
These sociologists contributed to social learning theory.
(Answer with "Who was...")
Who was Akers and Bandura?
What is the solution to broken windows theory?
Community policing.
Why is white-collar crimes not street crimes?
Street crimes are violent whereas white-collar are financially-motivated.
What are the major causes of crime?
poverty, peer pressure, drugs, society, unemployment, background, and so on.
This man is known as the Father of Criminology.
(Answer with "Who was...")
Who was Cesare Lombroso?
This criminologist developed differential association theory.
(Answer with "Who is...")
Who is Edwin Sutherland?
What does broken windows say about crime and disorder?
A broken window left unrepaired will influence more disorder and the broken window itself.
Juveniles are of what age?
18 and younger.
What are the Part I crimes of the Uniform Crime Report (UCR)?
murder, rape, robber, assault, burglary, larceny, motor vehicle theft, and arson.
Describe Beccaria's goal of punishment.
Punishment should instill fear towards the community in a way that it will influence the relationship between free will and crime.
Why do people engage in crime and how does social strain explain this?
People engage in crime when they are unable to acquire the socially approved means and reach the goals.
What are the four elements of social control theory?
attachment, belief, involvement and commitment.
personal traits, ineffective families, exposure to violence, and firearm availability.
What kind of data does the National Crime Victimization Survey Collect?
Data on victims and incidents of crime.
How does rational choice theory explain crime?
People's will to commit a crime undergoes a cost-benefit and decision-making analysis.
Name Merton's typology of deviance.
Conformity, ritualism, retreatism, rebellion, and innovation.
How does self-control explain short- and long-term consequences and decisions?
People who exhibit low self-control are likely to regard short term decisions and act impulsively without regard to the long-term.
What is victim-precipitation theory?
The victim becomes such because he/she provoked the offender to make them a victim.
What makes a chronic offender?
An offender is chronic due to lack of social control allowing them to commit the crime repeatedly.
What are the 5 concepts Bentham contributed to classicism?
Hedonism, rational behavior, hedonistic calculus, free will, and panopticon.
What are the nine propositions of differential association?
Criminal behavior could be an expression of generalized needs and values, but they don’t explain the behavior because non-criminal behavior expresses the same needs and values.
How does social disorganization explain crime?
Neighborhoods that are disorganized and disadvantaged as well as informal and ineffective social control would lead to an increase in crime.
What are three components of the criminal justice system?
policing, courts, and corrections.