Social Welfare
What is the main goal of social welfare?
Article 123
In which country were the Elizabeth Poor Laws of 1598 and 1601 introduced?
England
What is inequality?
A condition in which people or groups have unequal access to resources, rights, opportunities, power, or participation in society.
People are denied equal protection under the law. What dimension is this?
Civil inequality
Name TWO ways social welfare programs can support students in Querétaro
Scholarships, school supplies, or programs that improve access to educational resources.
What does IMSS stand for? And when was it established?
Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in 1943
Which German leader introduced social insurance programs for workers in the 1880's, helping establish the modern welfare state?
Otto von Bismarck
A student cannot attend school because their family cannot afford transportation and supplies. Which dimension of inequality is most directly affected?
Educational inequality. Economic inequality is also involved because the family's financial resources create the barrier.
Students in some schools have far fewer learning resources. What dimension is this?
Educational inequiality
Why is decent housing important for social welfare? Give TWO reasons.
It protects families from environmental risks, promores physical and mental health, and provides security and stability.
Which Mexican institution, established in 1959, provides social security services to eligible public-sector workers?
ISSSTE
What 1935 U.S. law established a national system of social insurance and assistance during the Great Depression?
The Social Security Act of 1935
A group of citizens is prevented from voting because of their social background. Which dimension of inequality does this represent?
Political inequality, because their ability to participate in political decisions is restricted.
A person's socioeconomic background affects their access to professional networks and opportunities. What dimension is this?
Class inequality
Querétaro has industries such as automotive manufacturing, aerospace, and technology. How can employment in these industries contribute to social welfare?
Employment provides income to cover basic needs, improves living conditions, helps reduce poverty, and supports families' economic development.
What Mexican institution, established in 1972, helps eligible workers obtain housing?
INFONAVIT
What 1942 British report identified five major social problems: Want, Disease, Ignorance, Squalor, and Idleness?
The Beveridge Report
A wealthy neighborhood has several hospitals and parks, while a low-income neighborhood has few public services. Identify TWO dimensions of inequality shown in this example.
Social inequality, because access to services differs; and class inequality, because socioeconomic position is associated with these differences. Economic inequality may also be relevant.
What is the difference between economic inequality and class inequality?
Economic inequality refers to differences in income, wealth, and financial resources, while class inequality refers to how a person's socioeconomic position affects their status, opportunities, and access to resources or social networks.
A community has a new health clinic, but many vulnerable families cannot afford transportation to reach it. Explain how the government and the community could work together to improve social welfare.
The government could provide transportation support or mobile health services, while community members and organizations could help identify families' needs, organize support, and participate in local initiatives.
In recent years, Mexico has expanded direct cash-transfer programs, including pensions for older adults. Identify one important debate about this approach to social welfare.
Whether direct cash transfers alone are sufficient, or whether they must be complemented by strong public services such as healthcare and education.
What was one important difference between the Millennium Development Goals, adopted in 2000, and the earlier welfare policies focused mainly on individual countries?
The Millennium Development Goals established shared international development targets, including reducing poverty and improving health and education, encouraging coordinated global action.
According to Marshall's ideas about citizenship, why is having equal legal rights not always enough to create equality in society?
Because pepole may still lack the resources, social services, opportunities, or conditions needed to exercise those rights and participate fully in society. Social citizenship and welfare can help address those barriers.
A person earns a high salary but comes from a disadvantaged social background and has limited access to influential networks and social connections. Does this mean they experience economic inequality, class inequality, or both? Explain your answer.
They may experience class inequality, because their social background and limited networks can affect their status and opportunities. They may also experience economic inequality relative to others, depending on their income and wealth compared with the wider population.