Native Americans and Early Colonization
Name one way European colonization affected Native American populations.
disease, cultural displacement, reservations and westward expansion, wars and resistance
What document declared that the American colonies were independent from Great Britain?
The Declaration of Independence.
What was the first for of national government of the United States called? (document)
The Articles of Confederation.
Who served as the first Secretary of the Treasury?
Alexander Hamilton.
Why was the Constitution created?
To create a stronger national government and address weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation.
As European settlements expanded, what happened to much of the land Native Americans had traditionally lived on?
They lost it to the Europeans
What were the Intolerable Acts?
Laws passed by Britain to punish the colonies, especially Massachusetts, after the Boston Tea Party.
What was one major weakness of the Articles of Confederation?
The national government was too weak and could not easily collect taxes or enforce laws, weak national executive, weak national judiciary, hard to amend articles
Who served as the first Secretary of State?
Thomas Jefferson
How many branches of government did the Constitution create?
Three.
What was one major effect European diseases had on Native American populations?
Native populations significantly decreased
Put these events in the correct order:
Why did the United States need a new system of government after the Revolutionary War?
The government under the Articles of Confederation was too weak to effectively solve national problems.
Which person favored a stronger national government: Hamilton or Jefferson?
Alexander Hamilton.
What problem did the Great Compromise solve?
It solved the disagreement between large and small states over representation in Congress and added the Bill of Rights to protect individual freedom
Why were European diseases especially harmful to Native Americans?
Native American populations had little or no immunity to many diseases brought by Europeans.
Why did colonists become angry about British taxes?
They believed it was unfair to be taxed by a government in which they had no representatives.
What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?
To address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and create a stronger national government.
Which person favored more power for the states, an agricultural economy, and a smaller national government?
Thomas Jefferson
Under the Great Compromise, how is representation determined in the House of Representatives and Senate?
House representation is based on population; each state gets two senators.
Explain two ways European colonization changed Native American societies and why those changes were important.
Answers could include population decline from disease, loss of traditional lands, increased conflict, or changes to Native cultures and ways of life.
Explain how British taxes and laws helped lead to the Revolutionary War.
British taxes and laws increased colonial anger. Protests led Britain to pass stricter laws such as the Intolerable Acts, which increased tensions and eventually contributed to armed conflict.
Explain the cause-and-effect relationship between the Articles of Confederation and the creation of the Constitution.
The Articles created a weak national government that struggled with taxes, laws, and problems between states. These weaknesses led leaders to create the Constitution and a stronger federal government.
Explain one major disagreement between Hamilton and Jefferson about the role of government.
Hamilton wanted a stronger national government and a stronger national economic system, while Jefferson wanted more power for the states and a smaller national government.
Why was the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution?
Anti-Federalists wanted stronger protections for individual rights and feared the national government could become too powerful.