A
Location where a medulloblastoma would arise
cerebellum
Primary neurulation
sensory information from the body (not the face) goes through this portion of the thalamus
VPL
flaccid paralysis would be caused by a defect of which part of the CST system?
Lower motor neurons
a potential consequence of spina bifida in which the spinal cord can fuse to the surrounding tissue and become stretched as the patient grows
tethered cord sydrome
The only flexure of the developing CNS that persists into adulthood
cephalic flexure
injury to the lateral temporal lobe could be caused by occlusion of this cerebral artery
MCA
A patient presents with an elevated right eye and a head tilt to the left, which brainstem nuclei is affected and on which side is it located?
Trochlear nuclei, located in the left side of the brainstem
Primitive cell from which microglia arise
mesenchymal cells
at low doses, dopamine will cause selective dilation of vessels to these organs
GI, kidneys
oligodendrogliomas are more like to appear in this location within the cerebrum
White matter
OTC a1 and a2 agonist that is commonly used as a short-term decongestant
oxymetazoline
Lumbar spina bifida is failure of this embryological structure to fully close
caudal neuropore
an IHC marker that is helpful in the dx of differentiated astrocytomas
GFAP (Glial fibrillary acidic protein)
STT secondary neurons decussate here
1-2 vertebral segments above where they enter the spinal cord
two medications that can be used for the treatment of ADHD and narcolepsy, and act to induce neurotransmitter release AND inhibit re-uptake
dextroamphetamine, methylphenidate
Name the 3 primary vesicles of the brainstem/brain that occur during embryological developement
Prosencephalon, Mesencephalon, Rhombencephalon
UMNs destined for the LCST decussate here
decussation of the pyramids
This medication is given and causes a rise in systolic BP, but a fall in diastolic BP. When an alpha-blocker is given, MAP falls drastically. What original medication was given?
epinephrine
This MRI sequence is best for detecting acute ischemic injuries
Diffusion weighted sequence (DWI)
a selective B1 agonist that is appealing due to its ability to increase CO without significantly increasing oxygen consumption
dobutamine
A 45 yo patient present with a tumor of the cerebrum. Gross morphology reveals large areas of liquefactive necrosis and hemorrhage. Microscopic examination reveals psuedopallisading neoplastic cells, serpentine necrotic patterns, and a high degree of anaplasia and pleomorphism. Dx?
Grade 4 astrocytoma (glioblastoma)
the term for dysraphism in which cranium in which the meninges, ventricles, and brain matter protrude through an opening in the skull
meningohydroencephalocele
The cell bodies for secondary neurons in the dorsal column tract that are responsible for proprioception of the lower limbs would be found here
Nucleus gracilis
ependymoma, pilocytic astrocytoma (grade 1), medulloblastoma, brainstem glioma