The Five Colonies
This Southern Colony was home to Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in America.
Virginia
This English explorer and leader helped the Jamestown settlement survive during its difficult early years and famously declared, "He that will not work shall not eat."
John Smith
This profitable cash crop became central to Virginia's economy.
Tobacco
Compared with New England's rocky soil, much of the Southern Colonies had this kind of soil, which made farming easier.
Fertile soil
Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement, was founded in this year.
1607
This Southern Colony was established as a refuge for English Catholics.
Maryland
This Native American leader was Pocahontas's father and ruled a powerful alliance of tribes in Virginia.
Powhatan
These large farms produced cash crops such as tobacco and rice.
Plantations
Jamestown was established along this river, which provided a route for ships traveling between the settlement and the Atlantic Ocean.
James River
Jamestown's terrible winter of 1609–1610, when many colonists died from hunger and disease, became known by this name.
The Starving Time
Although they began as one colony, these two Southern Colonies developed different economies. One was known for smaller tobacco farms, while the other became known for large rice plantations.
North Carolina and South Carolina
This English colonist married Pocahontas and helped make tobacco a profitable crop in Virginia.
John Rolfe
These workers agreed to labor for several years in exchange for passage to America, food, and shelter.
Indentured servants
This type of government allows colonists to elect representatives who help make laws and decisions on their behalf.
Representative government
When English settlers returned to Roanoke Island, they discovered that the colony had disappeared. This mysterious word had been carved into a post.
Croatoan
This was the last of the 13 colonies to be established and served as a buffer against Spanish Florida.
Georgia
Also called Lord Baltimore, this man wanted Maryland to be a refuge for Catholics.
Cecilius Calvert
Because many Southern families lived far apart on plantations, wealthy parents often hired these individuals to educate their children at home.
Private tutors
The Southern Colonies' warm climate and long growing season made these crops especially profitable. (Name at least 3)
Tobacco, Sugar Cane, Indigo, Cotton, and Rice
European explorers and colonists were often motivated by three goals known as the "Three G's." Name all three and explain what each meant.
Gold (wealth), God (spreading Christianity), and Glory (fame, power, and territory for their country).
Name all five Southern Colonies.
Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia
This Englishman helped establish Georgia and opposed slavery during the colony's early years.
James Oglethorpe
Unlike indentured servants, these people were held in bondage and forced to work without a fixed end to their service.
Enslaved people
Established in Virginia in 1619, this assembly became an important early example of representative government in the English colonies.
House of Burgesses
During Jamestown's terrible Starving Time, desperate settlers reportedly resorted to eating animals that people would normally keep as pets or use for transportation, and even resorted to a horrifying practice. Name 3 things they ate.
Dogs, cats, or horses, vermin (mice), leather, and even people (cannibalism).