VOCABULARY
This term describes the attitude that people from different backgrounds deserve equal respect and can contribute to a shared community.
What is cosmopolitanism?
This marriage in 1469 brought together two of the most powerful Christian noble families in Spain and established the Spanish monarchy.
Who were Ferdinand II and Isabella?
The Aztecs produced these three crops as staples of their diet.
What are corn, beans, and squash?
The Aztec weapon made of wood and obsidian that required a warrior to get close to opponents.
What is a war club? (Macahuitl)
The young indigenous woman who could speak both the local language and Nahuatl and became Cortes's interpreter and advisor.
Who was Malinche?
A religious representative who teaches and converts people to a religion.
What is a missionary?
The Spanish religious court started in 1478 that judged if individuals and families believed in and practiced Christianity.
What is the Spanish Inquisition?
The Aztec emperor who kept animals like eagles, hawks, ocelots, and bears in his zoo to show his status and majesty.
Who was Moctezuma?
This Spanish weapon was lighter than Aztec weapons and could be used for both stabbing and swinging.
What is a sword?
Cortes destroyed and sunk his ships to show this to his men and prevent interference from Velazquez.
What is that there was no going back?
Part noble knight and part explorer, this person combined the ambitions of chivalry and expansion to find and rule over new lands.
What is a conquistador?
This explorer approached the Spanish Royal Court in 1492 with the idea of sailing west to find Asia.
Who was Christopher Columbus?
A neighbourhood area in Aztec society run by a noble family or lord that oversaw production and protection projects.
What is a calpolli?
The Aztec spearthrower that gave warriors great range and force in battle.
What is an atlatl?
The coastal town whose leaders complained about having to pay tributes to the Aztecs and agreed to ally with Cortes.
What is Zempoala?
A code of honour and behaviour for warriors, knights, and nobles that included values like honesty, courage, and charity.
What is the code of chivalry?
He settled on Hispaniola, became a trusted adviser to Spanish governors, and eventually led the expedition to conquer Cuba.
Who was Diego Velazquez?
The Aztec god of wind who, according to prophecy, would return from the east around the year 1519.
Who is Quetzalcoatl?
Spanish weapons and tools made from this material gave them a significant advantage over indigenous populations.
What is iron?
This city's warriors initially fought the Spanish but joined them after learning Cortes wanted to reach the Aztecs.
What is Tlaxcala?
An Aztec book made of fig-bark paper or deerskin with glyphs and painted scenes recording historical events, government work, or family genealogies.
What is a codex?
This ambitious soldier dreamed of gold and glory, planned expeditions, and eventually decided to ignore orders from Velazquez in 1519.
Who was Hernan Cortes?
The education system for Aztec boys showed the culture was militaristic because boys were apprenticed to warriors at this age.
What is 15 years old?
These animals, brought by the Spanish, had never been seen by indigenous populations and could carry more equipment than any person could handle.
What are horses?
The disease that devastated the Taino population on Hispaniola after contact with Europeans, killing approximately 90% of the population in 20 years.
What is smallpox?