Federal Laws
This federal funding law was passed in 1990 and updated in 1997 and 2004. It mandates that all students with disabilities are provided a free and appropriate education that is individualized to their needs.
What is Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
This clause of IDEA mandates that students with disabilities should be educated with students without disabilities as much as possible
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
This state was found to be in violation of IDEA for the past decade after placing a cap on the number of students identified and placed into special education.
What is Texas
This 1954 Supreme Court case is considered a landmark case in Special Education. It ruled that segregated schools were inherently unequal and therefore discriminatory. This decision would later set the framework for many disability civil rights cases.
What is Brown v. Board of Education
Current studies indicate that students with disabilities have a significantly higher chance of experiencing _________ compared to their non-disabled peers which could be in violation of their rights to FAPE.
What is Bullying
_______________ is considered the highest form of law. It sets the rules by which the U.S legal system functions.
What is Constitutional Law
This provision is included in the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. It is the first federal civil rights law to protect persons with disabilities from being discriminated against based on their disability in places that accept federal funding.
What is Section 504
This clause of IDEA mandates that all students with disabilities receive an education that is individualized, provides access to grade-level curriculum, maintains grade level standards, and is free of charge.
What is Free and Appropriate Education (FAPE)
The US DOE has promised to review the inappropriate use of this technique after a number of reports have concluded students will disabilities are more likely to experience this.
What is Restraints
This 1982 landmark case in which a deaf student argued she should receive an interpreter even though she could access the curriculum with other accommodations. Courts ruled that schools do not have to provide students exceptional education, they are simply required to provide some “educational benefit”.
What is Hudson Board of Education v. Rowley (1982)
Provisions in IDEA were created to guarantee minority students were given fair evaluations. Some of these provisions include limiting the use of IQ testing and administering testing in a student’s ___________ language.
What is Native Language
The constitution allocated power between the three branches of government: Judicial, Executive, and ___________.
What is Legislature
Passed in 1990, many of the provisions in this law were based off of the principles established in Section 504. This law protects people with disabilities from discrimination not only in federally funded institutions but private sectors as well.
What is Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
A document that outlines the individual education plan for a students with a disability. It is developed by a team of educators, specialist, and parents.
What is Individualized Education Plan (IEP)
A number of _________ across the nation have caused parents to initiate lawsuits against school districts arguing that the absence of their teachers and support staff has caused a violation of the their child’s FAPE.
What is Strikes
In Honig v. Doe the court upheld the provision of IDEA that prevents schools from prohibiting students with disabilities from being suspended for more than 10 consecutive days and reaffirmed the provision that requires schools to return a child to their original setting until the due process hearing takes place, also known as the “______ _____” provision
What is Stay Put
Since the desegregation of schools after Brown v. BOE and the rise of special education rights, minorities have been found to have a higher chance of being identified with a disability and are more likely to be place in a _____________ setting.
What is Restrictive
Laws that are passed by state legislatures and congress are part of __________ law.
What is Statutory Law
This 1974 Law requires educational institutions to protect the privacy of a student’s educational records. It also gives the student and their families access to their records and the ability to amend those records should there be a mistake.
What is Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
IDEA mandates that students must receive an appropriate _____________ that is based on sound procedures and not discriminatory.
What is Evaluation
In 2018 the Virginia Department of Education investigated and found that many school districts were in non-compliance with federal and state laws and seemed to be intentionally delaying the implementation of special education services to ___________ families in the hope they would transfer before initiating lawsuits.
What is Military
__________ v. BOE of Pennsylvania was the first disability rights case to be won. It guaranteed that all students with a disability, regardless of intellectual ability, would be guaranteed a free education. Although it was settled in the district level, its decision formed the framework for multiple legal arguments across the country
What is Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children (PARC)
Based on SMOG scores, studies found the ____________ of procedural safeguards makes its extremely difficult for many parents of students with disabilities to understand their rights.
What is Readability
Regulations that are created to maintain laws are known as____________.
What is Regulatory Law
This 2015 law is the the predecessor to NCLB . The law holds schools accountable for how students learn and achieve.
What is Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
_________ _________ is a cornerstone of IDEA, which gives parents the right to be involved in the decision making process when its comes to their child’s education. IDEA also establishes a set of _________ _________ to protect the rights of parents and students.
What is Parental Involvement, Procedural Safeguards
A national shortage of “___________ ____________” special education teachers has created a policy of allowing many educators to work in the field using waivers.
What is Highly Qualified
Timothy W. v. Rochester, New Hampshire, School District ruled that schools were required to provide services to any child with a disability regardless of the of the severity of their disability also known as a “ ___________ ____________” policy.
What is Zero Reject
Currently there is no nationwide _____________ of significant disproportionality which allows states to continue to have overrepresentation of minority students in special education.
What is definition
Court cases in which laws are interpreted and legal precedents are set is a part of __________ law
What is case Law