name the 3 atoms that can form a hydrogen bond with an electropositive hydrogen atom
N, O, and F
100
Why is photorespiration a bad thing for a plant? Speculate on why it might exist if it is maladaptive.
In photorespiration, the enzyme
rubisco fixes (attaches oxygen to the ribulose diphosphate and no sugars are made: the plant is low on food) Maybe it is like this because there was a time when the oxygen concentration was low in the atmosphere.
100
Who elucidated the structure of the double helix?
Watson and Crick
100
What hormone resorbs bone?
parathyroid hormone
100
Where is vasopressin acting in the nephron
the collecting duct
200
How many ATP's are made in aerobic cellular respiration?
36-38
200
What enzyme produces DNA in prokaryotes:
DNA polymerase III
200
What is the initial step in the secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex?
Low blood pressure in the JG cells of kidney. This secretes renin, an enzyme into the blood.
200
What current begins the action potential depolarization
sodium inflow into the cell
300
How many amino acids are used to make proteins?
20
300
What would have more free energy, fructose 1,6 -diphosphate, glucose or pyruvate?
fructose 1,6 diphosphat3e
300
What is a codon? Could this be one ATC?
It is a triplet of RNA bases that is decoded into a specific amino acid/ No because ATC is not present in RNA
300
Name an important event that the surge of LH causes.
ovulation
300
What lobe of the cerebral cortex is the auditory area
the temporal lobe
400
If a molecule is very hydrophilic it would have a lower/higher boiling point?
High
400
How do CAM plants solve the problem of photorespiration?
They take in carbon dioxide when it is cooler and fix it as a C4 compound; they run the Calvin cycle in the day with the stomata closed (less competition by oxygen for Rubisco)
400
How is translation terminated?
When a stop codon enters the A site, the whole translation machine falls apart.
400
Why does one cycle end and another begin?
The CL self destructs after about 14 days so E and P fall, FSH and LH rise to start a new crop of follicles growing
400
What area of the hindbrain is affected by alcohol so that you feel unbalanced and stagger around?
cerebellum
500
The bond between Hydrogen and oxygen would be polar, ionic or pure covalent?
Polar
500
What is the ratio of ATP: NADPH needed in the Calvin cycle?
9:6 or simplified 3:2
500
What does capping and tailing mean?
In eucaryotes the precursor mRNA is modified: a cap is put on the 5' end and the 3' end has a segment of many adenine containing bases added.