Indigenous Peoples of America
This term refers to the original groups of people who are native to, or originally from, North America.
Who are Indigenous Peoples?
This European nation's primary goals were obtaining gold, expanding its empire through conquest, and converting Indigenous people to Christianity.
Who is Spain?
Because of their hot, humid climate and long growing season, this colonial region specialized in cash crops like tobacco, rice, and indigo.
What are the Southern Colonies?
This famous phrase became the battle cry of colonists who argued that British Parliament had no right to tax them because they had no voice in it.
What is "No Taxation Without Representation"?
Written by Thomas Jefferson and adopted on July 4, 1776, this historic document officially declared the colonies free and independent from Great Britain.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
Because of differences in things like weather, temperature, and landforms, Indigenous groups had to do this to survive in their surroundings.
What is adapt to their environment?
Founded by Samuel de Champlain in 1608, this was the very first permanent French settlement in North America.
What is Quebec?
This group of religious settlers arrived in New England seeking religious freedom and had to adapt to a harsh climate and rocky soil.
Who are the Pilgrims and Puritans?
This 1765 law angered colonists by forcing them to buy a government stamp for every piece of paper they used, from newspapers to playing cards.
What is the Stamp Act?
On Christmas night in 1776, George Washington saved his struggling army from collapse by leading a surprise attack across this icy river.
What is the Delaware River?
Climate and geography are the two main environmental factors Indigenous groups adapted to. Climate means weather and temperature; this term means landforms.
What is geography?
The English established this settlement in 1607 as their first permanent colony, which later became highly profitable by growing tobacco.
What is Jamestown?
Known as the "Breadbasket Colonies," this region grew massive amounts of grains like wheat, barley, oats, and rye in its rich, fertile soil.
What are the Middle Colonies?
King George III issued this decree in 1763, forbidding the colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains to avoid conflict with Indigenous tribes.
What is the Proclamation of 1763?
This 1777 battle in New York is called the major turning point of the war because the American victory proved to the world they could actually win.
What is the Battle of Saratoga?
This term describes a group's unique way of life, which includes their own traditions, languages, education, and beliefs.
What is culture?
This explorer claimed land along a major New York river for the Netherlands in 1609, leading to the settlement of New Amsterdam.
Who was Henry Hudson?
This peaceful religious group became prominent settlers in the Middle Colonies.
Who were the Quakers?
To punish Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party, Great Britain passed these harsh laws, which closed Boston Harbor and put the colony under strict military rule.
What are the Intolerable Acts?
Instead of fighting in traditional straight lines, American forces used this "hit-and-run" style of ambush warfare to disrupt British troops.
What is guerrilla warfare?
Early Indigenous Peoples survived by hunting animals and gathering plants, earning them this specific title.
Who were hunter-gatherers?
This settlement served as the central port and capital of the Dutch colony known as New Netherland.
What is New Amsterdam?
Because farming was difficult in their rocky terrain, New Englanders built their economy around these three major maritime and forest industries.
What are shipbuilding, fishing, and timber?
Fired in 1775 at the Battle of Lexington, this poetic phrase describes the opening gunfire of the American Revolution.
What is the "Shot Heard 'Round the World"?
Signed in 1783, this official peace agreement forced Britain to recognize U.S. independence and set America's western border at the Mississippi River.
What is the Treaty of Paris?